S. 1490 (111th): Personal Data Privacy and Security Act of 2009

Introduced:
Jul 22, 2009 (111th Congress, 2009–2010)
Sponsor:
Sen. Patrick Leahy [D-VT]
Status:
Died (Reported by Committee)
See Instead:
This bill was re-introduced as S. 1151 (112th) on Jun 07, 2011.

The bill’s title was written by the bill’s sponsor. S. stands for Senate bill.

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Status

This bill was introduced on November 5, 2009, in a previous session of Congress, but was not enacted.

Progress
Introduced Jul 22, 2009
Referred to Committee Jul 22, 2009
Reported by Committee Nov 05, 2009
Cosponsors
7 cosponsors (6D, 1R) (show)
Committees

Senate Judiciary

The committee chair determines whether a bill will move past the committee stage.

Full Title

A bill to prevent and mitigate identity theft, to ensure privacy, to provide notice of security breaches, and to enhance criminal penalties, law enforcement assistance, and other protections against security breaches, fraudulent access, and misuse of personally identifiable information.

Summary

No summaries available.

Text

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Last updated Nov 05, 2009.
76 pages

Primary Source

View on THOMAS (The Library of Congress)

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GovTrack’s Bill Summary

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Library of Congress Summary

The summary below was written by the Congressional Research Service, which is a nonpartisan division of the Library of Congress.

11/5/2009.
Title I - Enhancing Punishment for Identity Theft and Other Violations of Data Privacy and Security
Section 101 -
Amends the federal criminal code to add intentionally accessing a computer without authorization to the definition of racketeering activity.
Section 102 -
Imposes a fine and/or prison term of up to five years for intentionally and willfully concealing a security breach involving sensitive personally identifiable information that causes economic damage to one or more persons. Defines "sensitive personally identifiable information" to include an individual's name in combination with other personal information, such as a social security number, home address, date of birth, biometrics data, or financial account information.
Section 103 -
Directs the U.S. Sentencing Commission to review and amend, if appropriate, federal sentencing guidelines for persons convicted of using fraud to access, or to misuse, digitized or electronic personally identifiable information, including sentencing guidelines for identity theft.
Section 104 -
Amends the federal bankruptcy code to prohibit the dismissal or conversion of a bankruptcy case based upon a debtor's failure to meet means testing eligibility requirements if such debtor is a victim of identity theft.
Title II - Data Brokers
Section 201 -
Requires interstate data brokers (defined as business entities which, for monetary fees or dues, regularly engage in the practice of collecting, transmitting, or providing access to sensitive personally identifiable information on more than 5,000 individuals to nonaffiliated third parties on an interstate basis) to:
(1) disclose to a requesting individual all personal electronic records pertaining to such individual in their databases or systems at the time of such request;
(2) provide guidance to such individuals for correcting inaccuracies in their records;
(3) provide written or electronic notice of any adverse action taken against an individual by a third party based upon information in their databases; and
(4) correct any inaccurate information in their databases.
Sets forth procedures for disputing the completeness or accuracy of information in a data broker's database.
Permits a data broker to decline to investigate or terminate a review of information disputed by an individual if the data broker reasonably determines that the dispute is frivolous and intended to perpetrate fraud.
Section 202 -
Imposes civil penalties on data brokers who violate the requirements of this title. Grants the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) enforcement authority over data brokers. Allows state attorneys general to pursue civil remedies against data brokers who are deemed to pose a threat to state residents.
Section 203 -
Preempts state regulation of data brokers.
Section 204 -
Makes the provisions of this title effective 180 days after enactment of this Act.
Title III - Privacy and Security of Personally Identifiable Information
Subtitle A - A Data Privacy and Security Program
Section 301 -
Imposes requirements for a personal data privacy and security program on business entities that maintain sensitive personally identifiable information in electronic or digital form on 10,000 or more U.S. persons. Exempts certain financial institutions, covered entities under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), and public records from such requirements.
Section 302 -
Requires a business entity that is subject to data privacy and security requirements to:
(1) implement a comprehensive personal data privacy and security program to ensure the privacy, security, and confidentiality of sensitive personally identifying information and to protect against breaches of and unauthorized access to such information that could create a significant risk of harm or fraud to any individual;
(2) conduct risk assessments of potential security breaches;
(3) adopt risk management and control policies and procedures;
(4) ensure employee training and supervision for implementation of data security programs; and
(5) undertake vulnerability testing and monitoring of personal data privacy and security programs.
Section 303 -
Imposes civil penalties on business entities that violate the data privacy and security requirements of this subtitle. Grants enforcement authority for such requirements to the FTC.
Section 304 -
Preempts state laws relating to administrative, technical, and physical safeguards for the protection of sensitive personally identifying information.
Subtitle B - Security Breach Notification
Section 311 -
Requires any agency or business entity with sensitive personally identifiable information to notify without unreasonable delay any U.S. resident of a security breach in which such resident's information has been, or is reasonably believed to have been, accessed or acquired.
Section 312 -
Exempts agencies or business entities from security breach notification requirements if they provide written certification to the Secret Service that providing such notification would impede a criminal investigation or damage national security. Requires the Secret Service to evaluate the merits of such certifications.
Section 313 -
Requires an agency or business entity to give notice of a security breach to any affected individuals: (1) by written notice to their last known home mailing address, by telephone, or by email (if email notification was consented to); and (2) to major media outlets if the number of residents in a state affected by a security breach exceeds 5,000.
Section 314 -
Requires the notification to individuals whose sensitive personally identifiable information has been accessed to include: (1) a description of the categories of information an unauthorized individual has acquired; and (2) toll-free numbers for contacting the agency or business entity whose databases have been breached and major credit reporting agencies.
Section 315 -
Requires any business entity or agency that is required to provide notification to more than 5,000 individuals of a security breach to notify all consumer reporting agencies.
Section 316 -
Requires any business entity or agency to notify the Secret Service of security breaches of sensitive personally identifying information within 14 days of any data security breach that involves:
(1) more than 10,000 individuals;
(2) a database that contains information about more than one million individuals nationwide;
(3) a federal government database; or
(4) individuals known to be government employees or contractors involved in national security or law enforcement.
Requires the Secret Service to notify the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the U.S. Postal Service, and the attorney general of each affected state of a security breach within 14 days of receiving notice of any breach.
Section 317 -
Authorizes the Attorney General to bring a civil action, including an injunction, in a U.S. district court for violations of security breach notification requirements.
Section 318 -
Allows state attorneys general to bring a civil action in a U.S. district court to enforce security breach notification requirements. Authorizes the Attorney General to stay, or intervene in, any state action.
Section 319 -
Declares that the provisions of this subtitle shall supersede any other provision of federal or state law relating to notification by an interstate business entity or agency of a security breach.
Section 320 -
Authorizes appropriations to the Secret Service to carry out investigations and risk assessments of security breaches.
Section 321 -
Requires the Secret Service to report to Congress on security breaches resulting from risk assessment exemptions.
Section 322 -
Makes the provisions of this subtitle effective 90 days after enactment of this Act.
Title IV - Government Access to And Use of Commercial Data
Section 401 -
Requires the Administrator of the General Services Administration (GSA), in awarding contracts totaling more than $500,000 to data brokers, to evaluate their data privacy and security programs, their compliance, the extent to which their databases and systems have been compromised by security breaches, and their responses to such breaches. Provides a compliance safe harbor for data brokers and penalties against data brokers for noncompliance with security breach notification requirements.
Section 402 -
Requires federal agencies to audit and evaluate the information security practices of government contractors and third parties that support the information technology systems of such agencies.
Section 403 -
Amends the E-Government Act of 2002 to require federal agencies that purchase or subscribe to personally identifiable information from a commercial entity to conduct privacy impact assessments on the use of those services. Requires the Comptroller General to conduct a study and audit and prepare a report for submission to Congress on federal agency adherence to privacy principles in using data brokers or commercial databases containing personally identifiable information.
Section 404 -
Requires the Department of Justice to designate a department-wide Chief Privacy Officer. Sets forth the duties and responsibilities of such Officer.

House Republican Conference Summary

The summary below was written by the House Republican Conference, which is the caucus of Republicans in the House of Representatives.

No summary available.

House Democratic Caucus Summary

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The bill contains the following citations to other parts of U.S. law:

Slip Laws

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United States Code

The United States Code is the compilation of permanent laws enacted by Congress. Temporary and other non-permanent laws do not appear in the United States Code. (About half of the United States Code is the law itself, called positive law. The other half is merely a compilation of the laws but has no legal significance.)

Statutes at Large

The United States Statutes at Large is the compilation of all laws enacted by Congress.

  • 118 Stat. 3199

Other Citations

  • 18 U.S.C. Chapter 47