The text of the bill below is as of Oct 9, 1984 (Passed Congress).
You are reading a bill enacted 14,117 days ago. In the intervening time subsequent legislation may have amended or repealed the provisions below.
PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984 98 STAT. 1749
Public Law 98-457
98th Congress
An Act
To extend and improve provisions of laws relating to child abuse and neglect and Oct. 9, 1984
adoption, and for other purposes. [H.R. 1904]
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled. That this Act may Child Abuse
be cited as the "Child Abuse Amendments of 1984". Amendments of
1984.
42 u s e 5101
TITLE I—AMENDMENTS TO CHILD ABUSE PREVENTION note.
AND TREATMENT ACT
PART A—PROGRAM IMPROVEMENTS
THE NATIONAL CENTER ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
SEC. 101. (a) Section 2(a) of the Child Abuse Prevention and
Treatment Act (42 U.S.C. 5101(a)) (hereinafter in this title referred
to as "the Act") is amended by striking out "Health, Education, and
Welfare" and inserting in lieu thereof "Health and Human Serv-
ices".
(b) Clauses (6) and (7) of section 2(b) of the Act are amended to
read as follows:
"(6) study and investigate the national incidence of child Study.
abuse and neglect and make findings about any relationship
between nonpayment of child support and between various
other factors and child abuse and neglect, and the extent to
which incidents of child abuse and neglect are increasing in
number and severity, and, within two years after the date of the
enactment of the Child Abuse Amendments of 1984, submit
such findings to the appropriate 0)mmittees of the C!ongress
together with such recommendations for administrative and
legislative changes as are appropriate; and
"(7) in consultation with the Advisory Board on Child Abuse Reports.
and Neglect, annually prepare reports on efforts during the
preceding two-year period to bring about coordination of the
goals, objectives, and activities of agencies and organizations
which have responsibilities for programs and activities related
to child abuse and neglect, and, not later than March 1, 1985,
and March 1 of each second year thereafter, submit such a
report to the appropriate Committees of the Congress.".
(c) Section 2(c) of the Act is amended by striking out "The
Secretary may c a n y out his functions under subsection (b) of this
section" and inserting in lieu thereof "The functions of the Secre-
tary under subsection (b) of this section may be carried out".
(d) Section 2 of the Act is further amended by inserting after
subsection (d) the following new subsection:
"(e) No funds appropriated under this Act for any grant or
contract may be used for any purpose other than that for which
such funds were specifically authorized.".
98 STAT. 1750 PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984
DEFINITIONS
Post, p. 1752. SEC. 102. Section 3 of the Act is amended—
(1) by inserting "(including any employee of a residential
facility or any staff person providing out-of-home care)" after
"by a person";
(2) by striking out the period at the end thereof and inserting
in lieu thereof a semicolon; and
(3) by adding at the end thereof the following new clause:
"(2)(A) the term 'sexual abuse' includes—
"(i) the employment, use, persuasion, inducement, entice-
ment, or coercion of any child to engage in, or having a
child assist any other person to engage in, any sexually
explicit conduct (or any simulation of such conduct) for the
purpose of producing any visual depiction of such conduct,
or
"(ii) the rape, molestation, prostitution, or other such
form of sexual exploitation of children, or incest with
children,
under circumstances which indicate that the child's health or
welfare is harmed or threatened thereby, as determined in
accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary; and
"(B) for the purpose of this clause, the term 'child' or 'chil-
dren' means any individual who has not or individuals who
have not attained the age of eighteen.".
DEMONSTRATION OR SERVICE PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS
Grants. SEC. 103. (a) Section 4(b)(2)(E) of the Act is amended by striking
42 use 5103. out "his" and inserting in lieu thereof "and the child's".
(b) Section 4(b)(3) of the Act is amended to read as follows:
Waiver. "(3)(A) Subject to subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, any State
which on the date of enactment of the Child Abuse Amendments of
Ante, p. 1749. 1984 does not qualify for assistance under this subsection may be
granted a waiver of any requirement under paragraph (2) of this
subsection—
"(i) for a period of not more than one year, if the Secretary
makes a finding that such State is making a good-faith effort to
comply with any such requirement, and for a second one-year
period if the Secretary makes a finding that such State is
making substantial progress to achieve such compliance; or
"(ii) for a nonrenewable period of not more than two years in
the case of a State the legislature of which meets only bienni-
ally, if the Secretary makes a finding that such State is making
a good-faith effort to comply with any such requirement.
"(B) No waiver under subparagraph (A) may apply to any require-
Post p. 1752. ment under paragraph (2)(K) of this subsection.".
(c) Section 4 of the Act is further amended—
(1) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and
(2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following new subsec-
tion:
"(e) The Secretary, in consultation with the Advisory Board on
Child Abuse and Neglect, shall ensure that a proportionate share of
assistance under this Act is available for activities related to the
prevention of child abuse and neglect.".
PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984 98 STAT. 1751
AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS
SEC. 104. (a) Section 5(a) of the Act is amended— 42 USC 5104.
(1) by striking out "(a)" after "SEC. 5.";
(2) by inserting after the first sentence the following new
sentence: "There are hereby further authorized to be appropri-
ated for the purposes of this Act $33,500,000 for fiscal year 1984,
$40,000,000 for fiscal year 1985, $41,500,000 for fiscal year 1986,
and $43,100,000 for fiscal year 1987."; and
(3) in the second sentence by striking out "this section" and
all that follows through the end of such subsection, and insert-
ing in lieu thereof "this section except as provided in the
succeeding sentence, (A) not less than $9,000,000 shall be avail-
able in each fiscal year to carry out section 4(b) of this Act 42 use 5103.
(relating to State grants), (B) not less than $11,000,000 shall be
available in each fiscal year to carry out sections 4(a) (relating
to demonstration or service projects), 20t))(l) and 20t))(3) (relating 42 use 5101.
to information dissemination), 20t))(5) (relating to research), and
4(c)(2) (relating to training, technical assistance, and information Post, p. 1753.
dissemination) of this Act, giving special consideration to con-
tinued funding of child abuse and neglect programs or projects
(previously funded by the Department of Health and Human
Services) of national or regional scope and demonstated effec-
tiveness, (C) $5,000,000 shall be available in each such year for
grants and contracts under section 4(a) for identification, treat-
ment, and prevention of sexual abuse, and (D) $5,000,000 shall
be available in each such year for the purpose of making
additional grants to the States to carry out the provisions of
section 4(c)(1) of this Act. With respect to any fiscal year in
which the total amount appropriated under this section is less
than $30,000,000, funds shall first be available as provided in
clauses (A) and (B) in the preceding sentence and of the remain-
der one-half shall be available as provided for in clause (C) and
one-half as provided for in clause (D) in the preceding sen-
tence.",
(b) Section 50)) of the Act is repealed. 42 USC 5104.
ADVISORY BOARD ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
SEC. 105. (a) The first sentence of section 6(a) of the Act is 42 use 5105.
amended by striking out "including" and all that follows thereafter
through "Administration,".
(b) Section 6(a) of the Act is further amended by inserting at the
end thereof the following sentence: "The Advisory Board may be
available, at the Secretary's request, to assist the Secretary in
coordinating adoption-related activities of the Federal Govern-
ment".
(c)(1) Section 60)) of the Act is repealed.
(2) Subsection (c) of section 6 of the Act is redesignated as subsec-
tion 0)).
COORDINATION
SEC. 106. Section 7 of the Act is amended by striking out "be- 42 use 5106.
tween" and inserting in lieu thereof "among".
98 STAT. 1752 PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984
PART B—SERVICES AND TREATMENT FOR DISABLED INFANTS
NEW DEFINITION
42 use 5102. SEC. 121. Section 3 of the Act is further amended—
(1) by striking out "this Act the term 'child abuse and ne-
glect' " and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "This Act—
"(1) the term 'child abuse and neglect' ";
(2) by striking out the period at the end thereof and inserting
in lieu thereof a semicolon and the word "and"; and
(3) by adding after clause (2) (as added by section 102(3) of this
Act) the following new clause:
"(3) the term 'withholding of medically indicated treatment'
means the failure to respond to the infant's life-threatening
conditions by providing treatment (including appropriate nutri-
tion, hydration, and medication) which, in the treating physi-
cian's or physicians' reasonable medical judgment, will be most
likely to be effective in ameliorating or correcting all such
conditions, except that the term does not include the failure to
provide treatment (other than appropriate nutrition, hydration,
or medication) to an infant when, in the treating physician's or
physicians' reasonable medical judgment, (A) the infant is
chronically and irreversibly comatose; (B) the provision of such
treatment would (i) merely prolong dying, (ii) not be effective in
ameliorating or correcting all of the infant's life-threatening
conditions, or (iii) otherwise be futile in terms of the survival of
the infant; or (C) the provision of such treatment would be
virtually futile in terms of the survivial of the infant and the
treatment itself under such circumstances would be inhu-
mane.".
NEW BASIC STATE GRANT REQUIREMENT
SEC. 122. Section 4(b)(2) of the Act (42 U.S.C. 5103(b)(2)) is
amended—
(1) by striking out "and" at the end of clause (I);
(2) by striking out the period at the end of clause (J) and
inserting in lieu thereof a semicolon and the word "and"; and
(3) by inserting after clause (J) the following new clause:
"(K) within one year after the date of the enactment of
Ante, p. 1749. the Child Abuse Amendments of 1984, have in place for the
purpose of responding to the reporting of medical neglect
(including instances of withholding of medically indicated
treatment from disabled infants with life-threatening condi-
tions), procedures or programs, or both (within the State
child protective services system), to provide for (i) coordina-
tion and consultation with individuals designated by and
within appropriate health-care facilities, (ii) prompt notifi-
cation by individuals designated by and within appropriate
health-care facilities of cases of suspected medical neglect
(including instances of withholding of medically indicated
treatment from disabled infants with life-threatening condi-
tions), and (iii) authority, under State law, for the State
child protective service system to pursue any legal reme-
dies, including the authority to initiate legal proceedings in
a court of competent jurisdiction, as may be necessary to
PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984 98 STAT. 1753
prevent the withholding of medically indicated treatment
from disabled infants with life-threatening conditions.".
ADDITIONAL STATE GRANTS AND ASSISTANCE FOR TRAINING, TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE, AND CLEARINGHOUSE ACTIVITIES
SEC. 123. (a) Section 4 of the Act is further amended by— 42 u s e 5103.
(1) redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d), subsection (d)
as subsection (e), and subsection (e) as subsection (f); and
(2) inserting after subsection (b) the following new subsection:
"(c)(1) The Secretary is authorized to make additional grants to Public
the States for the purpose of developing, establishing, and operating information.
or implementing—
"(A) the procedures or programs required under clause (K) of
subsection (b)(2) of this section; Ante, p. 1752.
"(B) information and education programs or training pro-
grams for the purpose of improving the provision of services to
disabled infants with life-threatening conditions for (i) profes-
sional and paraprofessional personnel concerned with the wel-
fare of disabled infants with life-threatening conditions, includ-
ing personnel employed in child protective services programs
and health-care facilities, and (ii) the parents of such infants;
and
"(C) programs to help in obtaining or coordinating necessary
services, including existing social and health services and finan-
cial assistance for families with disabled infants with life-
threatening conditions, and those services necessary to facilitate
adoptive placement of such infants who have been relinquished
for adoption.
"(2)(A) The Secretary shall provide, directly or through grants or Contracts with
contracts with public or private nonprofit organizations, for (i) U.S.
training and technical assistance programs to assist States in devel-
oping, establishing, and operating or implementing programs and
procedures meeting the requirements of clause (K) of subsection
(b)(2) of this section; and (ii) the establishment and operation of
national and regional information and resource clearinghouses for
the purpose of providing the most current and complete information
regarding medical treatment procedures and resources and commu-
nity resources for the provision of services and treatment for dis-
abled infants with life-threatening conditions (including compiling,
maintaining, updating, and disseminating regional directories of
community services and resources (including the names and phone
numbers of State and local medical organizations) to assist parents,
families, and physicians and seeking to coordinate the availability of
appropriate regional education resources for health-care personnel).
"(B) Not more than $1,000,000 of the funds appropriated for any
fiscal year under section 5 of this Act may be used to carry out this 42 u s e 5104.
paragraph.
"(C) Not later than 210 days after the date of the enactment of the
Child Abuse Amendments of 1984, the Secretary shall have the Ante, p. 1749.
capability of providing and begin to provide the training and techni-
cal assistance described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph.".
(b) Section 4 of the Act is further amended by adding after 42 u s e 5103.
paragraph (3) the following new paragraph:
"(4) Programs or projects related to child abuse and neglect
assisted under part B of title IV of the Social Security Act shall 42 u s e 620.
98 STAT. 1754 PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984
comply with the requirements set forth in clauses (B), (C), (E), (F),
and (K) of paragraph (2).".
REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES
42 use 5103 SEC. 124. (a)(1) Not later than 60 days after the date of the
i^ote. enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services
(hereinafter in this part referred to as the "Secretary") shall publish
proposed regulations to implement the requirements of section
Ante, p. 1752. 4(b)(2)(K) of the Act (as added by section 122(3) of this Act).
(2) Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this
Act and after completion of a process of not less than 60 days for
notice and opportunity for public comment, the Secretary shall
publish final regulations under this subsection.
(b)(1) Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this
Act, the Secretary shall publish interim model guidelines to encour-
age the establishment within health-care facilities of committees
which would serve the purposes of educating hospital personnel and
families of disabled infants with life-threatening conditions, recom-
mending institutional policies and guidelines concerning the with-
holding of medically indicated treatment (as that term is defined in
Ante, p. 1752. clause (3) of section 3 of the Act (as added by section 121(3) of this
Act)) from such infants, and offering counsel and review in cases
involving disabled infants with life-threatening conditions.
(2) Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this
Act and after completion of a period of not less than 60 days for
notice and opportunity for public comment, the Secretary shall
publish the model guidelines.
REPORT ON FINANCIAL RESOURCES
Study. SEC. 125. The Secretary shall conduct a study to determine the
most effective means of providing Federal financial support, other
42 use 1305. than the use of funds provided through the Social Security Act, for
the provision of medical treatment, general care, and appropriate
social services for disabled infants with life-threatening conditions.
Not later than 270 days after the date of the enactment of this Act,
the Secretary shall report the results of the study to the appropriate
Committees of the Congress and shall include in the report such
recommendations for legislation to provide such financial support as
the Secretary considers appropriate.
IMPLEMENTATION REPORT
42 use 5103 SEC. 126. Not later than October 1, 1987, the Secretary shall
note. submit to the appropriate Committees of the Congress a detailed
report on the implementation and the effects of the provisions of
this part and the amendments made by it.
STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION
42 use 5101 SEC. 127. (a) No provision of this Act or any amendment made by
note. this Act is intended to affect any right or protection under section
29 use 794. 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.
(b) No provision of this Act or any amendment made by this Act
may be so construed as to authorize the Secretary or any other
governmental entity to establish standards prescribing specific med-
PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984 98 STAT. 1755
ical treatments for specific conditions, except to the extent that such
standards are authorized by other laws.
(c) If the provisions of any part of this Act or any amendment Provisions held
made by this Act or the appHcation thereof to any person or invalid.
circumstances be held invalid, the provisions of the other parts and
their application to other persons or circumstances shall not be
affected thereby.
EFFECTIVE DATES
SEC. 128. (a) Except as provided in subsection (b), the provisions of 42 u s e 5102
this part or any amendment made by this part shall be effective on note.
the date of the enactment of this Act.
(b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made
by sections 122 and 123(b) of this Act shall become effective one year
after the date of such enactment.
(2) In the event that, prior to such effective date, funds have not Waiver.
been appropriated pursuant to section 5 of the Act (as amended by
section 104 of this Act) for the purpose of grants under section
4(c)(1) of the Act (as added by section 123(a) of this Act), any State Ante, p. 1753.
which has not met any requirement of section 4(b)(2)(K) of the Act Ante, p. 1752.
(as added by section 122(3) of this Act) may be granted a waiver of
such requirements for a period of not more than one year, if the
Secretary finds that such State is making a good-faith effort to
comply with such requirements.
TITLE II—AMENDMENTS TO THE CHILD ABUSE PREVEN-
TION AND TREATMENT AND ADOPTION REFORM ACT OF
1978
FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF PURPOSE
SEC. 201. (a) The first sentence of section 201 of the Child Abuse
Prevention and Treatment and Adoption Reform Act of 1978 (42
U.S.C. 5111) (hereinafter in this title referred to as "the Act") is
amended—
(1) by inserting "the welfare of thousands of children in
institutions and foster homes and disabled infants with life-
threatening conditions may be in serious jeopardy and that
some such children are in need of placement in permanent,
adoptive homes; that" after "finds that"; and
(2) by inserting "have medically indicated treatment withheld
from them, nor" after "should not".
(b) The second sentence of section 201 of the Act is amended—
(1) by inserting a comma and "including disabled infants with
life-threatening conditions," after "special needs"; and
(2) by amending clause (2) to read as follows:
"(2) providing a mechanism for the Department of Health and
Human Services to—
"(A) promote quality standards for adoption services, pre-
placement, post-placement, and post-legal adoption counsel-
ing, and standards to protect the rights of children in need
of adoption;
"(B) coordinate with other Federal departments and
agencies, including the Bureau of the Census, to provide for
a national adoption and foster care information data-gath-
ering and analysis system; and
98 STAT. 1756 PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984
"(C) maintain a national adoption exchange to bring
together children who would benefit by adoption and quali-
fied prospective adoptive parents who are seeking such
children."
MODEL ADOPTION LEGISLATION AND PROCEDURES
42 use 5112. SEC. 202. (a) Section 202(a) of the Act is amended by striking out
"Health, Education, and Welfare" and inserting in lieu thereof
"Health and Human Services".
(b) Section 202(c) of the Act is amended by inserting at the end
thereof the following new sentence: "The Secretary shall coordinate
efforts to improve State legislation with national, State, and local
child and family services organizations, including organizations rep-
resentative of minorities and adoptive families.".
(c) Section 202 of the Act is further amended by inserting at the
end thereof the following new subsection:
"(d) The Secretary shall review all model adoption legislation and
procedures published under this section and propose such changes
as are considered appropriate to facilitate adoption opportunities for
disabled infants with life-threatening conditions.".
INFORMATION AND SERVICES
42 use 5113. SEC. 203. (a) Section 203(a) of the Act is amended by striking out
"Health, Education, and Welfare" and inserting in lieu thereof
"Health and Human Services".
(b)(1) Section 203(a) of the Act is further amended by inserting
before the period at the end thereof a comma and "including
services to facilitate the adoption of children with special needs and
particularly of disabled infants with life-threatening conditions and
services to couples considering adoption of children with special
needs".
(c)(1) Section 2030?) of the Act is amended by striking out in the
matter preceding clause (1) "subsection (a) of this section" and
inserting in lieu thereof "this title".
(2) Section 203(b)(1) of the Act is amended to read as follows:
"(1) provide (after consultation with other appropriate Fed-
eral departments and agencies, including the Bureau of the
Census and appropriate State and local agencies) for the estab-
lishment and operation of a Federal adoption and foster care
data-gathering and analysis system;".
(3) Section 203(b) of the Act is further amended—
(A) by striking out "parent groups" in clause (4) and inserting
in lieu thereof "adoptive family groups and minority groups";
(B) by striking out "and" at the end of clause (4);
(C) by redesignating clause (5) as clause (7) and by inserting
immediately after clause (4) the following new clauses:
"(5) encourage involvement of corporations and small busi-
nesses in supporting adoption as a positive family-strengthening
option, including the establishment of adoption benefit pro-
grams for employees who adopt children;
"(6) continue to study the nature, scope, and effects of the
placement of children in adoptive homes (not including the
homes of stepparents or relatives of the child in question) by
persons or agencies which are not licensed by or subject to
regulation by any governmental entity; and"; and
PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984 98 STAT. 1757
(D) by striking out "Health, Education, and Welfare" and
inserting in lieu thereof "Health and Human Services" in
clause (7) (as redesignated by clause (C) of this paragraph).
AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS
SEC. 204. Section 205 of the Act is amended by striking out "and" 42 u s e 5115.
after "1978," and by inserting a comma and "and $5,000,000 for each
of the fiscal years 1984, 1985, 1986, and 1987," after "fiscal years".
TITLE III—FAMILY VIOLENCE PREVENTION AND SERVICES Family Violence
Prevention and
SHORT TITLE Services Act.
SEC. 301. This title may be cited as the "Family Violence Preven- 42 u s e 10401
tion and Services Act". note.
DECLARATION OF PURPOSE
SEC. 302. It is the purpose of this title to— 42 u s e 10401.
(1) demonstrate the effectiveness of assisting States in efforts
to prevent family violence and to provide immediate shelter and
related assistance for victims of family violence and their de-
pendents; and
(2) provide for technical assistance and training relating to
family violence programs to States, local public agencies (in-
cluding law enforcement agencies), nonprofit private organiza-
tions, and other persons seeking such assistance.
STATE DEMONSTRATION GRANTS AUTHORIZED
SEC. 303. (a)(1) In order to assist in supporting the establishment, 42 u s e 10402.
maintenance, and expansion of programs and projects to prevent
incidents of family violence and to provide immediate shelter and
related assistance for victims of family violence and their depend-
ents, the Secretary is authorized, in accordance with the provisions
of this title, to make demonstration grants to States.
(2) No demonstration grant may be made under this subsection
unless the chief executive officer of the State seeking such grant
submits an application to the Secretary at such time and in such
manner as the Secretary may reasonably require. Each such appli-
cation shall—
(A) provide that funds provided under this subsection will be
distributed in demonstration grants to local public agencies and
nonprofit private organizations (including religious and chari-
table organizations, and voluntary associations) for programs
and projects within such State to prevent incidents of family
violence and to provide immediate shelter and related assistance
for victims of family violence and their dependents in order to
prevent future violent incidents;
(B) provide, with respect to funds provided to a State under
this subsection for any fiscal year, that—
(i) not more than 5 percent of such funds will be used for
State administrative costs; and
(ii) in the distribution of funds by the State under this
subsection, the State will give special emphasis to the
support of community-based projects of demonstrated effec-
tiveness carried out by nonprofit private organizations, par-
98 STAT. 1758 PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984
ticularly those projects the primary purpose of which is to
operate shelters for victims of family violence and their
dependents, and those which provide counseling, alcohol
and drug abuse treatment, and self-help services to abusers
and victims;
(C) set forth procedures designed to involve knowledgeable
individuals and interested organizations and assure an equi-
table distribution of grants and grant funds within the State
and between urban and rural areas within such State;
(D) specify the State agency to be designated as responsible
for the administration of programs and activities relating to
family violence which are carried out by the State under this
title and for coordination of related programs within the State;
(E) provide assurances that procedures will be developed to
assure the confidentiality of records pertaining to any individ-
ual provided family violence prevention or treatment services
by any program assisted under this title and provide assurances
that the address or location of any shelter-facility assisted under
this title will, except with written authorization of the person or
persons responsible for the operation of such shelter, not be
made public;
(F) provide assurances that, within one year after receipt of
funds under this subsection, the State will, provide assurances
to the Secretary that the State has or has under consideration a
procedure for the eviction of an "abusing spouse from a shared
residence; and
(G) meet such requirements as the Secretary reasonably de-
termines are necessary to carry out the purposes and provisions
of this title.
(3) The Secretary shall approve any application that meets the
requirements of this subsection, and the Secretary shall not disap-
prove any such application except after reasonable notice of the
Secretary's intention to disapprove and after opportunity for correc-
tion of any deficiencies.
Indians. (b)(1) The Secretary is authorized to make demonstration grants to
Indian tribes and tribal organizations for projects designed to pre-
vent family violence and to provide immediate shelter and related
assistance for victims of family violence and their dependents.
(2) No demonstration grant may be made under this subsection
unless an application is made to the Secretary at such time, in such
manner, and containing or accompanied by such information as the
Secretary deems essential to carry out the purposes and provisions
of this title. Such application shall comply, as applicable, with the
provisions of clauses (C) (with respect only to involving knowledge-
able individuals and organizations), (D), and (E) of subsection (a)(2).
(c) No demonstration grant may be made under this section in any
fiscal year to any single entity (other than to a State) for an amount
in excess of $50,000, and the total amount of such grants to any such
single entity may not exceed $150,000. A single entity may not be
awarded demonstration grants under this section for a total period
in excess of three fiscal years.
(d) No funds provided through demonstration grants made under
this section may be used as direct payment to any victim of family
violence or to any dependent of such victim.
(e) No income eligibility standard may be imposed upon individ-
uals with respect to eligibility for assistance or services supported
with funds appropriated to carry out this title.
PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984 98 STAT. 1759
(f) No demonstration grant may be made under this section to any
entity other than a State unless the entity provides for the following
local share as a proportion of the total amount of funds provided
under this title to the project involved: 35 percent in the first year
such project receives a grant under this title, 55 percent in the
second such year, and 65 percent in the third such year. Except in
the case of a public entity, not less than 50 percent of the local share
of such agency or organization shall be raised from private sources.
The local share required under this subsection may be in cash or in-
kind. The local share may not include any Federal funds provided
under any authority other than this title.
(g) The Secretary shall assure that not less than 60 percent of the
funds distributed under subsection (a) or (b) shall be distributed to
entities for the purpose of providing immediate shelter and related
assistance to victims of family violence and their dependents.
ALLOTMENT OF FUNDS
SEC. 304. (a) From the sums appropriated under section 310 for 42 use 10403.
grants to States for any fiscal year, each State shall be allotted for
payment in a grant authorized under section 303(a) an amount
which bears the same ratio to such sums as the population of such
State bears to the population of all States, except that—
(1) each State shall be allotted not less than whichever is the
greater of the following amounts: one-half of 1 percent of the
amounts available for grants under section 303(a) for the fiscal
year for which the allotment is made, or $50,000; and
(2) Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, the Northern
Mariana Islands, and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
shall each be allotted not less than one-eighth of 1 percent of
the amounts available for grants under section 303(a) for the
fiscal year for which the allotment is made.
For the purpose of the exception contained in clause (1) of the
preceding sentence only, the term "State" does not include Guam,
American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands,
and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.
(b) For the purpose of this section, the population of each State,
and the total population of all the States, shall be determined by the
Secretary on the basis of the most recent census data available to
the Secretary, and the Secretary shall use for such purpose, if
available, the annual interim current census data produced by the
Secretary of Commerce pursuant to section 181 of title 13, United
States Code.
(c) If the sums appropriated under section 310 for any fiscal year
for grants to States authorized under section 303(a) are not suffi-
cient to pay in full the total amounts which all States are entitled to
receive under such section for such fiscal year, then the maximum
amounts which all States are entitled to receive under such section
for such fiscal year shall be ratably reduced. In the event that
additional funds become available for making such grants for any
fiscal year during which the preceding sentence is applicable, such
reduced amounts shall be increased on the same basis as they were
reduced.
(dXl) If, at the end of the sixth month of any fiscal year for which
sums are appropriated under section 310, the amount allotted to a
State has not been made available to such State in grants under
section 303(a) because of the failure of such State to meet the
98 STAT. 1760 PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984
requirements for a grant, then the Secretary shall reallot such
amount to States which meet such requirements.
(2) Funds made available by the Secretary through reallotment
under paragraph (1) shall remain available for expenditure until the
end of the fiscal year following the fiscal year in which such funds
become available for reallotment.
SECRETARIAL RESPONSIBILITIES
42 u s e 10404. SEC. 305. (a) The Secretary shall appoint an employee of the
Department of Health and Human Services to carry out the provi-
sions of this title. The individual appointed under this subsection
shall, prior to such appointment, have had expertise in the field of
family violence prevention and services.
(b) The Secretary shall—
(1) coordinate all programs within the Department of Health
and Human Services, and seek to coordinate all other Federal
programs, which involve the prevention of incidents of family
violence and the provision of assistance for victims and poten-
tial victims of family violence and their dependents, and ensure
that such activities as they relate to elderly persons are coordi-
nated with the Administration on Aging and the National
Institute on Aging within the Department of Health and
Human Services;
(2)(A) provide for research into the causes of family violence,
and into the prevention, identification, and treatment thereof
(such as research into (i) the effectiveness of reducing repeated
incidents of family violence through a variety of sentencing
alternatives, such as incarceration, fines, and counseling pro-
grams, individually or in combination, and through the use of
civil protection orders removing the abuser from the family
household, and (ii) the necessity and impact of a mandatory
reporting requirement relating to incidents of family violence,
Study. particularly abuse of elderly persons), and (B) make a complete
study and investigation (in consultation with the National Insti-
tute on Aging) of the national incidence of abuse, neglect, and
exploitation of elderly persons, including a determination of the
extent to which incidents of such abuse, neglect, and exploita-
tion are increasing in number or severity; and
(3) provide for the training of personnel and provide technical
assistance in the conduct of programs for the prevention and
treatment of family violence.
EVALUATION
Report. SEC. 306. Not later than two years after the date on which funds
42 use 10405. are obligated under section 303(a) for the first time after the date of
the enactment of this title, the Secretary shall review, evaluate, and
report to the appropriate Committees of the Congress, as to the
effectiveness of the programs administered and operated pursuant
to this title, particularly in relation to repeated incidents of family
violence. Such report shall also include a summary of the assurances
provided to the Secretary under section 303(a)(2)(F).
PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984 98 STAT. 1761
DISCRIMINATION PROHIBITED
SEC. 307. (aXD For the purpose of applying the prohibitions 42 u s e 10406.
against discrimination on the basis of age under the Age Discrimina-
tion Act of 1975, on the basis of handicap under section 504 of the 42 u s e 6101
Rehabilitation Act of 1973, on the basis of sex under title IX of the note.
29 u s e 794.
Education Amendments of 1972, or on the basis of race, color, or 20 u s e 1681.
national origin under title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 u s e 2000d.
programs and activities funded in whole or in part with funds made
available under this part are considered to be programs and activi-
ties receiving Federal financial assistance.
(2) No person shall on the ground of sex or religion be excluded
from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subject to
discrimination under, any program or activity funded in whole or in
part with funds made available under this title. Nothing in this title
shall require any such program or activity to include any individual
in any program or activity without taking into consideration that
individual's sex in those certain instances where sex is a bona fide
occupational qualification or programmatic factor resisonably neces-
sary to the normal operation of that particular program or activity.
The Secretary shall enforce the provisions of the preceding sentence
in accordance with section 602 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. 42 u s e 2000d-l.
Section 603 of such Act shall apply with respect to any action taken 42 u s e 2000d-2.
by the Secretary to enforce such sentence. This paragraph shall not
be construed £is affecting any other legal remedy.
(b) Whenever the Secretary finds that a State or other entity that
has received financial assistance under this title has failed to
comply with a provision of law referred to in subsection (aXl), with
subsection (aX2), or with an applicable regulation (including one
prescribed to carry out subsection (aX2)), the Secretary shall notify
the chief executive officer of the State and shall request such officer
to secure compliance. If, within a reasonable period of time, not to
exceed sixty days, the chief executive officer fails or refuses to
secure compliance, the Secretary may—
(1) refer the matter to the Attorney (Jeneral of the United
States with a recommendation that an appropriate civil action
be instituted,
(2) exercise the powers and functions provided by title VI of
the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, 42 u s e 2000d.
sections 504 and 505 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, or title IX 42 u s e 6101
of the Education Amendments of 1972, as may be applicable, or note.
29 u s e 794,
(3) take such other action as may be provided by law. 794a.
(c) When a ttiatter is referred to the Attorney General pursuant to 20 u s e 1681.
subsection (bXD, or whenever the Attorney General has reason to eourts, U.S.
believe that a State or an entity is engaged in a pattern or practice
in violation of a provision of law referred to in subsection (aXl) or in
violation of subsection (aX2), the Attorney General may bring a civil
action in any appropriate district court of the United States for such
relief as may be appropriate, including injunctive relief.
NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON FAMILY VIOLENCE PREVENTION
SEC. 308. (a) The Secretary shall operate a national information Public
and research clearinghouse on the prevention of family violence information.
(including the abuse of elderly persons) in order to— 42 u s e 10407.
(1) collect, prepare, analyze, and disseminate information and
statistics and analyses thereof relating to the incidence and
98 STAT. 1762 PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984
prevention of family violence (particularly the prevention of
repeated incidents of violence) and the provision of immediate
shelter and related assistance to victims of family violence and
their dependents; and
(2) provide information about alternative sources of assistance
available with respect to the prevention of incidents of family
violence and the provision of immediate shelter and related
assistance to victims of family violence and their dependents.
(b) The Secretary shall ensure that the activities of the national
information and research clearinghouse operated under subsection
(a) are coordinated with the information clearinghouse maintained
by the National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect under section 2
42 use 5101. of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act.
DEFINITIONS
42 use 10408. SEC. 309. As used in this title:
(1) The term "family violence" means any act or threatened
act of violence, including any forceful detention of an individ-
ual, which—
(A) results or threatens to result in physical injury; and
(B) is committed by a person against another individual
(including an elderly person) to whom such person is or was
related by blood or marriage or otherwise legally related or
with whom such person is or was lawfully residing.
(2) The terms "Indian tribe" and "tribal organization" have
the same meanings given such terms in subsections (b) and (c),
respectively, of section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and
25 use 450b. Education Assistance Act.
(3) The terms "Secretary" means the Secretary of Health and
Human Services.
(4) The terms "shelter" means the provision of temporary
refuge and related assistance in compliance with applicable
State law and regulation governing the provision, on a regular
basis, of shelter, safe homes, meals, and related assistance to
victims of family violence and their dependents.
(5) The term "related assistance"—
(A) includes counseling and self-help services to abusers,
victims, and dependents in family violence situations
(which shall include counseling of all family members to
the extent feasible) and referrals for appropriate health-
care services (including alcohol and drug abuse treatment),
and
(B) may include food, clothing, child care, transportation,
and emergency services (but not reimbursement for any
health-care services) for victims of family violence and their
dependents.
(6) The term "State" means each of the several States, the
District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and,
except as otherwise provided, Guam, American Samoa, the
Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Trust
Territory of the Pacific Islands.
PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984 98 STAT. 1763
AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS
SEC. 310. (a) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 42 u s e 10409.
the provisions of this title $11,000,000 for fiscal year 1985 and
$26,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1986 and 1987.
(b) Of the sums appropriated under subsection (a) for any fiscal
year, not less than 85 percent shall be used by the Secretary for
making grants under section 303.
LAW ENFORCEMENT TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE GRANTS
AND CONTRACTS
SEC. 311. (a) From the amount appropriated pursuant to section 42 u s e 10410.
310 for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall make grants and enter
into contracts for the purpose of providing regionally-beised training
and technical assistance to provide the personnel of local and State
law enforcement agencies with means for responding to incidents of
family violence.
Ot)) Grants and contracts under this section shall be awarded
competitively on the basis of an application containing such infor-
mation and assurances as the Secretary may require by regulation.
In selecting grant and contract recipients, the Secretary shall select
recipients who have demonstrated their effectiveness in preparing
the personnel of local and State law enforcement agencies for the
handling of incidents of family violence and shall give priority to
those applications which propose projects or programs which will
develop, demonstrate, or disseminate information with respect to
improved techniques for responding to incidents of family violence
by law enforcement officers.
(c) The Secretary shall delegate to the Attorney General of the
United States the Secretary's responsibilities for carrjdng out this
section and shall transfer to the Attorney General from funds
appropriated under section 310 not in excess of $2,000,000 for each
fiscal year to be used for the purpose of making grants under this
section.
ADMINISTRATION AND STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION
SEC. 312. (a) In order to carry out the provisions of this title, the 42 u s e 10411.
Secretary is authorized to—
(1) appoint and fix the compensation of such personnel as are
necessary;
(2) procure, to the extent authorized by section 3109 of title 5,
United States Code, such temporary and intermittent services
of experts and consultants as are necessary;
(3) make grants to public and nonprofit private entities or Grants.
enter into contracts with public or private entities; and eontracts with
(4) prescribe such regulations as are reasonably necessary in U.S.
Regulations.
order to carry out the purposes and the personnel of local and
State law enforcement agencies with means for responding to
incidents of family violence.
(b) Grants and contracts under this section shall be awarded Grants.
competitively on the basis of an application containing such infor- Contracts with
mation and assurances as the Secretary may require by regulation. U.S.
In selecting grant and contract recipients, the Secretary shall select
recipients who have demonstrated their effectiveness in preparing
the personnel of local and State law enforcement agencies for the
handling of incidents of family violence and shall give priority to
98 STAT. 1764 PUBLIC LAW 98-457—OCT. 9, 1984
those applications which propose projects or programs which will
develop, demonstrate, or disseminate information with respect to
improved techniques for responding to incidents of family violence
by law enforcement officers.
(c) The Secretary shall delegate to the Attorney General of the
United States the Secretary's responsibilities for carrying out this
section and shall transfer to the Attorney General from funds
appropriated under section 310 not in excess of $2,000,000 for each
fiscal year to be used for the purpose of making grants under this
section.
ADMINISTRATION AND STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION
42 u s e 10412. SEC. 312. (a) In order to carry out the provisions of this title, the
Secretary is authorized to—
(1) appoint and fix the compensation of such personnel as are
necessary;
(2) procure, to the extent authorized by section 3109 of title 5,
United States Code, such temporary and intermittent services
of experts and consultants as are necessary;
Grants. (3) make grants to public and nonprofit private entities or
Contracts with enter into contracts with public or private entities; and
U.S.
Regulations. (4) prescribe such regulations as are reasonably necessary in
order to carry out the purposes and provisions of this title.
Ot)) Nothing in this title shall be construed to supersede the
application of State or local requirements for the reporting of
incidents of suspected child abuse to the appropriate State authori-
ties.
Approved October 9, 1984.
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY—H.R. 1904 (S. 1003):
HOUSE REPORTS: No. 98-159 (Comm. on Education and Labor) and No. 98-1038
(Comm. on Conference).
SENATE REPORT No. 98-246 accompanying S. 1003 (Comm. on Labor and Human
R©sourcGs).
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 130 (1984):
Feb. 2, considered and passed House.
July 26, considered and passed Senate, amended, in lieu of S. 1003.
Sept. 26, House agreed to conference report.
Sept. 28, Senate agreed to conference report.
