Gaines was the representative for Virginia’s 4th congressional district and was a Republican. He served from 1887 to 1889.
Voting Record
Missed Votes
From Dec 1887 to Mar 1889, Gaines missed 186 of 320 roll call votes, which is 58.1%. This is much worse than the median of 32.3% among the lifetime records of representatives serving in Mar 1889. The chart below reports missed votes over time.
We don’t track why legislators miss votes, but it’s often due to medical absenses, major life events, and running for higher office.
Primary Sources
The information on this page is originally sourced from a variety of materials, including:
- unitedstates/congress-legislators, a community project gathering congressional information
- United States Congressional Roll Call Voting Records, 1789-1990 by Howard L. Rosenthal and Keith T. Poole.
- Martis’s “The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress”, via Keith Poole’s roll call votes data set, for political party affiliation for Members of Congress from 1789 through about year 2000
