Howard was the representative for Michigan’s 1st congressional district and was a Republican. He served from 1859 to 1861.
He was previously the representative for Michigan’s 1st congressional district as a Republican from 1857 to 1859; and the representative for Michigan’s 1st congressional district as an Ind. Republican-Democrat from 1855 to 1857.
Voting Record
Missed Votes
From Dec 1855 to Mar 1861, Howard missed 357 of 1,552 roll call votes, which is 23.0%. This is on par with the median of 24.1% among the lifetime records of representatives serving in Mar 1861. The chart below reports missed votes over time.
We don’t track why legislators miss votes, but it’s often due to medical absenses, major life events, and running for higher office.
Primary Sources
The information on this page is originally sourced from a variety of materials, including:
- unitedstates/congress-legislators, a community project gathering congressional information
- United States Congressional Roll Call Voting Records, 1789-1990 by Howard L. Rosenthal and Keith T. Poole.
- Martis’s “The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress”, via Keith Poole’s roll call votes data set, for political party affiliation for Members of Congress from 1789 through about year 2000
