H.R. 115: Thin Blue Line Act
This was a vote to pass H.R. 115 (115th) in the House.
Shootings of police officers have been on the rise recently. Law enforcement fatalities caused by firearms increased 56 percent last year, to their highest level in the past five years. And so far this year, they’re up another 9 percent.
A new bill called the Thin Blue Line Act would enhance sentences for people convicted of fatally shooting (or attempting to fatally shoot) law enforcement officers.
Context and what the bill does
In death penalty cases, so-called “aggravating factors” are elements of the case that would merit a more severe penalty for the defendant. In federal death penalty cases, aggravating factors include the murder victim being a child or a pregnant woman, a hostage situation occurring prior to the murder being committed, or if the murder containing additional “cruel” elements such as torture or rape.
One element not currently on the list: killing a law enforcement officer. So the Thin Blue Line Act would add the killing or attempted killing a law enforcement officer to the list of aggravating factors in federal death penalty cases. Labelled H.R. 265 in the House, the legislation was introduced by Rep. Vern Buchanan (R-FL16).
What supporters say
Supporters argue the legislation is a necessary tough-on-crime measure in the face of an escalating threat to public safety.
“America’s police officers and first responders are the first ones on scene to help those in harm’s way,” House lead sponsor Buchanan said in a press release. “These brave men and women and their families put it all on the line and deserve our unwavering support. Getting this bill signed into law will protect those who serve our communities and send a clear message: targeting or killing our first responders will not be tolerated.”
What opponents say
Opponents argue that the bill is worrisome on both civil liberties and criminal justice grounds.
The American Civil Liberties Union wrote in opposition, “Expanding the number of aggravating factors that would subject a person to the death penalty is unnecessary and duplicative, counterproductive to improving law enforcement and community relations, and unlikely to prevent future violence against police.” They argued that the death penalty has not proven an effective deterrent to murder rates, and that all 50 states currently contain the provision on a state level already.
Opponents note that, while any law enforcement officer death is tragic, the current numbers are noticeably lower than they were throughout the 1970s and 1980s. The one-year spike in 2016 may prove an aberration amid a decades-long overall decline.
Opponents also note that the 64 law enforcement officials killed last year, while tragic, was dwarfed by the 963 people killed by police last year, including 233 black people — an issue for which many Democrats contendRepublicans’ have been far more reticent to condemn or to introduce corresponding public policy.
Votes and odds of passage
After first attracting 21 cosponsors, all Republicans, the bill passed the House 271–143 on May 18. Democrats mostly opposed, 48–139. All but four Republicans voted in favor: Reps. Justin Amash (R-MI3), Thomas Massie (R-KY4), Paul Mitchell (R-MI10), and Chris Smith (R-NJ4).
It had not yet received a vote in the Senate. President Trump highlighted the measure approvingly during National Police Week.
Totals
All Votes | Republicans | Democrats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yea | 65% |
271
|
223
|
48
|
Nay | 35% |
143
|
4
|
139
|
Not Voting |
16
|
10
|
6
|
Passed. Simple Majority Required. Source: house.gov.
Ideology Vote Chart
Cartogram Map
Vote Details
“Aye” and “Yea” mean the same thing, and so do “No” and “Nay”. Congress uses different words in different sorts of votes.
The U.S. Constitution says that bills should be decided on by the “yeas and nays” (Article I, Section 7). Congress takes this literally and uses “yea” and “nay” when voting on the final passage of bills.
All Senate votes use these words. But the House of Representatives uses “Aye” and “No” in other sorts of votes.
Vote | District | Party | Representative | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yea | CA 31st | D | Aguilar, Pete | 0.33996899497116995 |
Yea | CA 7th | D | Bera, Ami | 0.4404496943549505 |
Yea | GA 2nd | D | Bishop, Sanford | 0.44147569759023947 |
Yea | IL 17th | D | Bustos, Cheri | 0.4189108520065516 |
Yea | CA 24th | D | Carbajal, Salud | 0.3402180651412155 |
Yea | PA 17th | D | Cartwright, Matt | 0.27190694060174575 |
Yea | FL 14th | D | Castor, Kathy | 0.28997340502960167 |
Yea | CA 46th | D | Correa, Luis | 0.416669157722963 |
Yea | CA 16th | D | Costa, Jim | 0.504077673365983 |
Yea | FL 13th | D | Crist, Charlie | 0.3802832259676551 |
Yea | TX 28th | D | Cuellar, Henry | 0.6052667977899809 |
Yea | FL 10th | D | Demings, Val | 0.36628712685595427 |
Yea | FL 22nd | D | Deutch, Ted | 0.3082599780076811 |
Yea | CA 3rd | D | Garamendi, John | 0.2947546918722868 |
Yea | TX 15th | D | Gonzalez, Vicente | 0.19637169740281796 |
Yea | NJ 5th | D | Gottheimer, Josh | 0.5148892332694028 |
Yea | TX 29th | D | Green, Gene | 0.45550167573167144 |
Yea | WA 10th | D | Heck, Denny | 0.36938589160405166 |
Yea | NY 26th | D | Higgins, Brian | 0.3282030364840475 |
Yea | WA 6th | D | Kilmer, Derek | 0.4120254695900889 |
Yea | WI 3rd | D | Kind, Ron | 0.5331945747380052 |
Yea | IL 8th | D | Krishnamoorthi, Raja | 0.3866613162999062 |
Yea | FL 5th | D | Lawson, Al | 0.3797812884585114 |
Yea | IL 3rd | D | Lipinski, Daniel | 0.49196503804438363 |
Yea | MA 8th | D | Lynch, Stephen | 0.3128283996592946 |
Yea | NY 18th | D | Maloney, Sean | 0.3288261923189334 |
Yea | NY 6th | D | Meng, Grace | 0.2662707514395904 |
Yea | FL 7th | D | Murphy, Stephanie | 0.4595921010577839 |
Yea | NJ 1st | D | Norcross, Donald | 0.35530755220786764 |
Yea | AZ 1st | D | O’Halleran, Tom | 0.4786339898952032 |
Yea | TX 16th | D | O’Rourke, Beto | 0.341765289146586 |
Yea | CA 20th | D | Panetta, Jimmy | 0.38170086145561827 |
Yea | NJ 9th | D | Pascrell, Bill | 0.3494720317770623 |
Yea | CO 7th | D | Perlmutter, Ed | 0.3742700874871335 |
Yea | CA 52nd | D | Peters, Scott | 0.3635133836607488 |
Yea | MN 7th | D | Peterson, Collin | 0.6599061975649219 |
Yea | IL 5th | D | Quigley, Mike | 0.27519544853867944 |
Yea | NV 3rd | D | Rosen, Jacky | 0.410545891822154 |
Yea | CA 36th | D | Ruiz, Raul | 0.39758045472363585 |
Yea | MD 2nd | D | Ruppersberger, A. Dutch | 0.44966866199939487 |
Yea | CA 28th | D | Schiff, Adam | 0.27458110560009935 |
Yea | OR 5th | D | Schrader, Kurt | 0.5291933641555642 |
Yea | AZ 9th | D | Sinema, Kyrsten | 0.5673281682975805 |
Yea | FL 9th | D | Soto, Darren | 0.2712307385412115 |
Yea | MS 2nd | D | Thompson, Bennie | 0.3613790319355683 |
Yea | CA 5th | D | Thompson, Mike | 0.401876386610969 |
Yea | CA 35th | D | Torres, Norma | 0.33665739981803905 |
Yea | TX 34th | D | Vela, Filemon | 0.40510860623651146 |
Yea | LA 5th | R | Abraham, Ralph | 0.855856974756022 |
Yea | AL 4th | R | Aderholt, Robert | 0.7678812519066485 |
Yea | GA 12th | R | Allen, Rick | 0.8570366556259514 |
Yea | NV 2nd | R | Amodei, Mark | 0.8040426518679427 |
Yea | TX 19th | R | Arrington, Jodey | 0.794128873303482 |
Yea | TX 36th | R | Babin, Brian | 0.9310168483403579 |
Yea | NE 2nd | R | Bacon, Don | 0.6690872253507363 |
Yea | IN 3rd | R | Banks, Jim | 0.7111929875869623 |
Yea | PA 11th | R | Barletta, Lou | 0.8414063104276013 |
Yea | KY 6th | R | Barr, Andy | 0.89184247298496 |
Yea | TX 6th | R | Barton, Joe | 0.7536378906597541 |
Yea | MI 1st | R | Bergman, Jack | 0.6161255277630655 |
Yea | AZ 5th | R | Biggs, Andy | 0.7155031220152636 |
Yea | FL 12th | R | Bilirakis, Gus | 0.7798607609958561 |
Yea | MI 8th | R | Bishop, Mike | 0.8327052096041819 |
Yea | UT 1st | R | Bishop, Rob | 0.8278331834542318 |
Yea | TN 6th | R | Black, Diane | 0.8831773979398415 |
Yea | TN 7th | R | Blackburn, Marsha | 0.9502611945211994 |
Yea | IA 1st | R | Blum, Rod | 0.7552211824721285 |
Yea | IL 12th | R | Bost, Mike | 0.7232483784767169 |
Yea | TX 8th | R | Brady, Kevin | 0.7668354051044779 |
Yea | VA 7th | R | Brat, Dave | 0.8332923098711228 |
Yea | OK 1st | R | Bridenstine, Jim | 0.8274798431599466 |
Yea | AL 5th | R | Brooks, Mo | 0.8875612023661059 |
Yea | IN 5th | R | Brooks, Susan | 0.7656755409182311 |
Yea | FL 16th | R | Buchanan, Vern | 0.6907664507477119 |
Yea | CO 4th | R | Buck, Ken | 0.7287754913444309 |
Yea | IN 8th | R | Bucshon, Larry | 0.8219937349744911 |
Yea | NC 13th | R | Budd, Ted | 0.6957129522400266 |
Yea | TX 26th | R | Burgess, Michael | 0.8279147715196493 |
Yea | AL 1st | R | Byrne, Bradley | 0.8654302481150407 |
Yea | CA 42nd | R | Calvert, Ken | 0.7823468448072168 |
Yea | GA 1st | R | Carter, Earl | 0.8353170094533526 |
Yea | TX 31st | R | Carter, John | 0.7903107117699989 |
Yea | OH 1st | R | Chabot, Steve | 0.88321197815239 |
Yea | WY | R | Cheney, Liz | 0.6059835444045762 |
Yea | CO 6th | R | Coffman, Mike | 0.7712860738273608 |
Yea | NY 27th | R | Collins, Chris | 0.8040640629178037 |
Yea | GA 9th | R | Collins, Doug | 0.8121056699713206 |
Yea | KY 1st | R | Comer, James | 0.6182489483981783 |
Yea | VA 10th | R | Comstock, Barbara | 0.6904748160219147 |
Yea | TX 11th | R | Conaway, Michael | 0.8303683544834854 |
Yea | CA 8th | R | Cook, Paul | 0.7561577001429572 |
Yea | PA 6th | R | Costello, Ryan | 0.6308964112835674 |
Yea | ND | R | Cramer, Kevin | 0.9846439281890063 |
Yea | TX 7th | R | Culberson, John | 0.8511659372978434 |
Yea | OH 8th | R | Davidson, Warren | 0.6489896204765467 |
Yea | IL 13th | R | Davis, Rodney | 0.789654986745232 |
Yea | FL 6th | R | DeSantis, Ron | 0.8111801491510022 |
Yea | CA 10th | R | Denham, Jeff | 0.6838460290885308 |
Yea | PA 15th | R | Dent, Charles | 0.6300182965479403 |
Yea | TN 4th | R | DesJarlais, Scott | 0.9061640748718705 |
Yea | FL 25th | R | Diaz-Balart, Mario | 0.654386438718319 |
Yea | NY 11th | R | Donovan, Daniel | 0.5954322558130607 |
Yea | WI 7th | R | Duffy, Sean | 0.7630745704570787 |
Yea | SC 3rd | R | Duncan, Jeff | 1.0 |
Yea | TN 2nd | R | Duncan, John | 0.8415067177621408 |
Yea | FL 2nd | R | Dunn, Neal | 0.6728486311500376 |
Yea | MN 6th | R | Emmer, Tom | 0.7870483035120954 |
Yea | KS 4th | R | Estes, Ron | 0.794128873303482 |
Yea | TX 27th | R | Farenthold, Blake | 0.9186589641490005 |
Yea | NY 19th | R | Faso, John | 0.5875827205034586 |
Yea | GA 3rd | R | Ferguson, Drew | 0.6721372214602784 |
Yea | PA 8th | R | Fitzpatrick, Brian | 0.59324550256856 |
Yea | TN 3rd | R | Fleischmann, Chuck | 0.8135197039735258 |
Yea | TX 17th | R | Flores, Bill | 0.9208869201167657 |
Yea | NE 1st | R | Fortenberry, Jeff | 0.7451929030201173 |
Yea | NC 5th | R | Foxx, Virginia | 0.68180438397801 |
Yea | AZ 8th | R | Franks, Trent | 0.928631560465506 |
Yea | NJ 11th | R | Frelinghuysen, Rodney | 0.6255222425784025 |
Yea | FL 1st | R | Gaetz, Matt | 0.7043821140232365 |
Yea | WI 8th | R | Gallagher, Mike | 0.6544098013014009 |
Yea | VA 5th | R | Garrett, Thomas | 0.6670354997582613 |
Yea | OH 7th | R | Gibbs, Bob | 0.8851766602415377 |
Yea | VA 6th | R | Goodlatte, Bob | 0.8032612882443046 |
Yea | AZ 4th | R | Gosar, Paul | 0.9729069827512071 |
Yea | SC 4th | R | Gowdy, Trey | 0.7269453303935535 |
Yea | TX 12th | R | Granger, Kay | 0.6987064251251529 |
Yea | LA 6th | R | Graves, Garret | 0.6622461118594211 |
Yea | MO 6th | R | Graves, Sam | 0.8037172085745666 |
Yea | GA 14th | R | Graves, Tom | 0.8104323190856061 |
Yea | VA 9th | R | Griffith, Morgan | 0.7606270632194381 |
Yea | WI 6th | R | Grothman, Glenn | 0.8800555299396006 |
Yea | KY 2nd | R | Guthrie, Brett | 0.8308808024674944 |
Yea | MS 3rd | R | Harper, Gregg | 0.8315332042897035 |
Yea | MD 1st | R | Harris, Andy | 0.8955534114538176 |
Yea | MO 4th | R | Hartzler, Vicky | 0.9083796641889869 |
Yea | TX 5th | R | Hensarling, Jeb | 0.8653806735772378 |
Yea | WA 3rd | R | Herrera Beutler, Jaime | 0.6715360568883035 |
Yea | GA 10th | R | Hice, Jody | 0.8634505759310129 |
Yea | LA 3rd | R | Higgins, Clay | 0.6365711518252246 |
Yea | AR 2nd | R | Hill, French | 0.7538141632670272 |
Yea | NC 2nd | R | Holding, George | 0.7808331650918177 |
Yea | IN 9th | R | Hollingsworth, Trey | 0.6026466228208788 |
Yea | NC 8th | R | Hudson, Richard | 0.8909559745075635 |
Yea | MI 2nd | R | Huizenga, Bill | 0.8594254389369452 |
Yea | IL 14th | R | Hultgren, Randy | 0.8110621215633556 |
Yea | CA 50th | R | Hunter, Duncan | 0.7725493519506934 |
Yea | TX 23rd | R | Hurd, Will | 0.6463309594362682 |
Yea | CA 49th | R | Issa, Darrell | 0.6657882546867206 |
Yea | WV 3rd | R | Jenkins, Evan | 0.6901295768687917 |
Yea | KS 2nd | R | Jenkins, Lynn | 0.8742401734960493 |
Yea | OH 6th | R | Johnson, Bill | 0.8849229746219821 |
Yea | LA 4th | R | Johnson, Mike | 0.6622509902070052 |
Yea | NC 3rd | R | Jones, Walter | 0.8063442043403778 |
Yea | OH 4th | R | Jordan, Jim | 0.8018652683225396 |
Yea | OH 14th | R | Joyce, David | 0.7784411609624209 |
Yea | NY 24th | R | Katko, John | 0.6066814765619349 |
Yea | PA 3rd | R | Kelly, Mike | 0.8643551437912823 |
Yea | MS 1st | R | Kelly, Trent | 0.7339686404681087 |
Yea | NY 2nd | R | King, Pete | 0.621868715149116 |
Yea | IA 4th | R | King, Steve | 0.9020635494376729 |
Yea | IL 16th | R | Kinzinger, Adam | 0.723826558967979 |
Yea | CA 25th | R | Knight, Steve | 0.6803381269866247 |
Yea | TN 8th | R | Kustoff, David | 0.6327220241510694 |
Yea | IL 18th | R | LaHood, Darin | 0.6830750595894345 |
Yea | CA 1st | R | LaMalfa, Doug | 0.9573570676924076 |
Yea | ID 1st | R | Labrador, Raúl | 0.7448836799113854 |
Yea | CO 5th | R | Lamborn, Doug | 0.8820037872138591 |
Yea | NJ 7th | R | Lance, Leonard | 0.6946748896656205 |
Yea | OH 5th | R | Latta, Robert | 0.8987120014119938 |
Yea | MN 2nd | R | Lewis, Jason | 0.5848858304236215 |
Yea | NJ 2nd | R | LoBiondo, Frank | 0.602478657519855 |
Yea | MO 7th | R | Long, Billy | 0.885344057796079 |
Yea | GA 11th | R | Loudermilk, Barry | 0.8029377753361101 |
Yea | UT 4th | R | Love, Mia | 0.6937269539133007 |
Yea | OK 3rd | R | Lucas, Frank | 0.772635989650263 |
Yea | MO 3rd | R | Luetkemeyer, Blaine | 0.8785066169756957 |
Yea | NJ 3rd | R | MacArthur, Tom | 0.6161351852131595 |
Yea | TX 24th | R | Marchant, Kenny | 0.9110980205476424 |
Yea | PA 10th | R | Marino, Tom | 0.7511422663687899 |
Yea | KS 1st | R | Marshall, Roger | 0.6976547386045246 |
Yea | FL 18th | R | Mast, Brian | 0.5858176769230519 |
Yea | CA 23rd | R | McCarthy, Kevin | 0.5275257044073847 |
Yea | TX 10th | R | McCaul, Michael | 0.8153510984226577 |
Yea | CA 4th | R | McClintock, Tom | 0.8630629664173355 |
Yea | NC 10th | R | McHenry, Patrick | 0.7274219718135848 |
Yea | WV 1st | R | McKinley, David | 0.7950227494762926 |
Yea | WA 5th | R | McMorris Rodgers, Cathy | 0.7194597129363479 |
Yea | AZ 2nd | R | McSally, Martha | 0.6887816374831786 |
Yea | NC 11th | R | Meadows, Mark | 0.934212086776392 |
Yea | PA 7th | R | Meehan, Patrick | 0.6755935220388728 |
Yea | IN 6th | R | Messer, Luke | 0.902471152284251 |
Yea | MI 4th | R | Moolenaar, John | 0.7384843115758494 |
Yea | WV 2nd | R | Mooney, Alexander | 0.7986589439143982 |
Yea | OK 2nd | R | Mullin, Markwayne | 0.8305009447701376 |
Yea | PA 18th | R | Murphy, Tim | 0.7398968403651669 |
Yea | SD | R | Noem, Kristi | 0.8213104947801954 |
Yea | CA 22nd | R | Nunes, Devin | 0.7223522550672566 |
Yea | TX 22nd | R | Olson, Pete | 0.9841688139218938 |
Yea | MS 4th | R | Palazzo, Steven | 0.8945774386607867 |
Yea | AL 6th | R | Palmer, Gary | 0.7022427901090951 |
Yea | MN 3rd | R | Paulsen, Erik | 0.736856330491871 |
Yea | NM 2nd | R | Pearce, Steve | 0.9090489454604411 |
Yea | PA 4th | R | Perry, Scott | 0.8367699883427041 |
Yea | NC 9th | R | Pittenger, Robert | 0.9253250056226298 |
Yea | TX 2nd | R | Poe, Ted | 0.8284889949267222 |
Yea | ME 2nd | R | Poliquin, Bruce | 0.7175956121427263 |
Yea | FL 8th | R | Posey, Bill | 0.8737366141040334 |
Yea | TX 4th | R | Ratcliffe, John | 0.8005832051330071 |
Yea | NY 23rd | R | Reed, Tom | 0.6865418443349752 |
Yea | WA 8th | R | Reichert, David | 0.6280075445033516 |
Yea | OH 16th | R | Renacci, James | 0.8137828703669964 |
Yea | SC 7th | R | Rice, Tom | 0.7750046984665552 |
Yea | AL 2nd | R | Roby, Martha | 0.7548157163418622 |
Yea | TN 1st | R | Roe, Phil | 0.973054020611422 |
Yea | KY 5th | R | Rogers, Hal | 0.6638625829372049 |
Yea | AL 3rd | R | Rogers, Mike | 0.789500433607361 |
Yea | CA 48th | R | Rohrabacher, Dana | 0.7000621940284638 |
Yea | IN 4th | R | Rokita, Todd | 0.9650116711595357 |
Yea | FL 19th | R | Rooney, Francis | 0.6635284548698496 |
Yea | FL 27th | R | Ros-Lehtinen, Ileana | 0.5621810422259258 |
Yea | IL 6th | R | Roskam, Peter | 0.7436428031635205 |
Yea | FL 15th | R | Ross, Dennis | 0.8438728254566822 |
Yea | PA 12th | R | Rothfus, Keith | 0.8424620227789541 |
Yea | NC 7th | R | Rouzer, David | 0.8947125362441296 |
Yea | CA 39th | R | Royce, Ed | 0.6568996958384423 |
Yea | FL 4th | R | Rutherford, John | 0.6235395328613909 |
Yea | SC 1st | R | Sanford, Mark | 0.6932005896243397 |
Yea | LA 1st | R | Scalise, Steve | 0.7354530658998666 |
Yea | AZ 6th | R | Schweikert, David | 0.8563575982759841 |
Yea | GA 8th | R | Scott, Austin | 0.8981058619546133 |
Yea | WI 5th | R | Sensenbrenner, James | 0.7960851238409654 |
Yea | IL 15th | R | Shimkus, John | 0.7436096129040258 |
Yea | PA 9th | R | Shuster, Bill | 0.7266124277545254 |
Yea | ID 2nd | R | Simpson, Mike | 0.7069574353601251 |
Yea | NE 3rd | R | Smith, Adrian | 0.7487555795072871 |
Yea | MO 8th | R | Smith, Jason | 0.8501070699377427 |
Yea | TX 21st | R | Smith, Lamar | 0.9010221325208727 |
Yea | PA 16th | R | Smucker, Lloyd | 0.6525310028287222 |
Yea | NY 21st | R | Stefanik, Elise | 0.6670575725886118 |
Yea | UT 2nd | R | Stewart, Chris | 0.8501904452775845 |
Yea | OH 15th | R | Stivers, Steve | 0.8520578206149897 |
Yea | VA 2nd | R | Taylor, Scott | 0.5612170984440698 |
Yea | NY 22nd | R | Tenney, Claudia | 0.638221498917297 |
Yea | PA 5th | R | Thompson, Glenn | 0.8145657223603296 |
Yea | TX 13th | R | Thornberry, Mac | 0.7138314764675527 |
Yea | OH 12th | R | Tiberi, Pat | 0.75718738858076 |
Yea | CO 3rd | R | Tipton, Scott | 0.8374178577388357 |
Yea | MI 11th | R | Trott, Dave | 0.7016990147433549 |
Yea | OH 10th | R | Turner, Michael | 0.731279912757188 |
Yea | MI 6th | R | Upton, Fred | 0.6464333103735311 |
Yea | CA 21st | R | Valadao, David | 0.7670535685718973 |
Yea | MO 2nd | R | Wagner, Ann | 0.8424974202749828 |
Yea | MI 7th | R | Walberg, Tim | 0.8920430358700049 |
Yea | OR 2nd | R | Walden, Greg | 0.6877668023345672 |
Yea | NC 6th | R | Walker, Mark | 0.7468384115232932 |
Yea | IN 2nd | R | Walorski, Jackie | 0.8230609325415258 |
Yea | CA 45th | R | Walters, Mimi | 0.6791744951163337 |
Yea | TX 14th | R | Weber, Randy | 0.9229927257359607 |
Yea | FL 11th | R | Webster, Daniel | 0.7811889239072701 |
Yea | OH 2nd | R | Wenstrup, Brad | 0.8257486542081274 |
Yea | AR 4th | R | Westerman, Bruce | 0.8278433731467982 |
Yea | TX 25th | R | Williams, Roger | 0.8518130203449917 |
Yea | SC 2nd | R | Wilson, Joe | 0.8935128795502556 |
Yea | VA 1st | R | Wittman, Robert | 0.8227229507156151 |
Yea | AR 3rd | R | Womack, Steve | 0.8007136367860198 |
Yea | GA 7th | R | Woodall, Rob | 0.6828330086079383 |
Yea | KS 3rd | R | Yoder, Kevin | 0.7834945738865167 |
Yea | FL 3rd | R | Yoho, Ted | 0.9088679899906766 |
Yea | IA 3rd | R | Young, David | 0.7596668887803879 |
Yea | AK | R | Young, Don | 0.722493008827191 |
Yea | NY 1st | R | Zeldin, Lee | 0.6923298951512034 |
Nay | NC 12th | D | Adams, Alma | 0.30260548173967394 |
Nay | CA 44th | D | Barragán, Nanette | 0.27356207668090177 |
Nay | CA 37th | D | Bass, Karen | 0.23553158645370478 |
Nay | OH 3rd | D | Beatty, Joyce | 0.33658695683787215 |
Nay | VA 8th | D | Beyer, Donald | 0.28434853265707627 |
Nay | OR 3rd | D | Blumenauer, Earl | 0.2364760599173448 |
Nay | DE | D | Blunt Rochester, Lisa | 0.19637169740281796 |
Nay | OR 1st | D | Bonamici, Suzanne | 0.2566418463953525 |
Nay | PA 13th | D | Boyle, Brendan | 0.3612857355043937 |
Nay | PA 1st | D | Brady, Robert | 0.37859756480060003 |
Nay | MD 4th | D | Brown, Anthony | 0.35424782508535557 |
Nay | CA 26th | D | Brownley, Julia | 0.31305797272737357 |
Nay | NC 1st | D | Butterfield, G.K. | 0.33427345191955743 |
Nay | MA 7th | D | Capuano, Michael | 0.27402690046098194 |
Nay | IN 7th | D | Carson, André | 0.2373202791870961 |
Nay | TX 20th | D | Castro, Joaquin | 0.3626762856511322 |
Nay | CA 27th | D | Chu, Judy | 0.16021438828671963 |
Nay | RI 1st | D | Cicilline, David | 0.2030607953388317 |
Nay | MA 5th | D | Clark, Katherine | 0.2282069782279255 |
Nay | NY 9th | D | Clarke, Yvette | 0.11760905678563943 |
Nay | MO 1st | D | Clay, Lacy | 0.29212842694506375 |
Nay | MO 5th | D | Cleaver, Emanuel | 0.3616952834225266 |
Nay | SC 6th | D | Clyburn, Jim | 0.34515694916649947 |
Nay | TN 9th | D | Cohen, Steve | 0.17300175949259142 |
Nay | VA 11th | D | Connolly, Gerald | 0.32690604487113906 |
Nay | MI 13th | D | Conyers, John | 0.1410957077729104 |
Nay | TN 5th | D | Cooper, Jim | 0.47486744101579265 |
Nay | CT 2nd | D | Courtney, Joe | 0.38623648443681313 |
Nay | NY 14th | D | Crowley, Joe | 0.298715952336208 |
Nay | MD 7th | D | Cummings, Elijah | 0.20718942679581703 |
Nay | CA 29th | D | Cárdenas, Tony | 0.30076808379837 |
Nay | IL 7th | D | Davis, Danny | 0.2664469015032003 |
Nay | CA 53rd | D | Davis, Susan | 0.28610939137386876 |
Nay | OR 4th | D | DeFazio, Peter | 0.3471999238026032 |
Nay | CO 1st | D | DeGette, Diana | 0.33265175814792186 |
Nay | CT 3rd | D | DeLauro, Rosa | 0.21069038626421618 |
Nay | CA 11th | D | DeSaulnier, Mark | 0.20388316196323006 |
Nay | WA 1st | D | DelBene, Suzan | 0.3621515947313965 |
Nay | MD 6th | D | Delaney, John | 0.42763436597357046 |
Nay | MI 12th | D | Dingell, Debbie | 0.2836282040704873 |
Nay | TX 35th | D | Doggett, Lloyd | 0.32729609198813286 |
Nay | PA 14th | D | Doyle, Michael | 0.3799700098855915 |
Nay | MN 5th | D | Ellison, Keith | 0.1013203659039833 |
Nay | NY 16th | D | Engel, Eliot | 0.29501365088541903 |
Nay | CA 18th | D | Eshoo, Anna | 0.29582355229033136 |
Nay | NY 13th | D | Espaillat, Adriano | 0.28371225999614236 |
Nay | CT 5th | D | Esty, Elizabeth | 0.3534980601635681 |
Nay | PA 2nd | D | Evans, Dwight | 0.19637169740281796 |
Nay | IL 11th | D | Foster, Bill | 0.3502729809687002 |
Nay | FL 21st | D | Frankel, Lois | 0.3334720660136642 |
Nay | OH 11th | D | Fudge, Marcia | 0.273154625359436 |
Nay | HI 2nd | D | Gabbard, Tulsi | 0.3843435653341845 |
Nay | AZ 7th | D | Gallego, Ruben | 0.29578925773152354 |
Nay | TX 9th | D | Green, Al | 0.2582958605634312 |
Nay | AZ 3rd | D | Grijalva, Raúl | 0.016758214284802078 |
Nay | HI 1st | D | Hanabusa, Colleen | 0.32608667679909753 |
Nay | FL 20th | D | Hastings, Alcee | 0.15595856153292675 |
Nay | CT 4th | D | Himes, Jim | 0.35946014950689575 |
Nay | MD 5th | D | Hoyer, Steny | 0.3670297736313559 |
Nay | CA 2nd | D | Huffman, Jared | 0.21088204449137576 |
Nay | TX 18th | D | Jackson Lee, Sheila | 0.1482744065082744 |
Nay | WA 7th | D | Jayapal, Pramila | 0.23197180099489417 |
Nay | NY 8th | D | Jeffries, Hakeem | 0.24209192326327295 |
Nay | TX 30th | D | Johnson, Eddie | 0.28509652395034946 |
Nay | GA 4th | D | Johnson, Hank | 0.2247435072814008 |
Nay | OH 9th | D | Kaptur, Marcy | 0.27176102313564193 |
Nay | MA 9th | D | Keating, William | 0.30816777494860514 |
Nay | IL 2nd | D | Kelly, Robin | 0.2644429816207427 |
Nay | MA 4th | D | Kennedy, Joseph | 0.3257149266156062 |
Nay | CA 17th | D | Khanna, Ro | 0.264389618443314 |
Nay | NV 4th | D | Kihuen, Ruben | 0.19637169740281796 |
Nay | MI 5th | D | Kildee, Daniel | 0.3280475655188996 |
Nay | NH 2nd | D | Kuster, Ann | 0.38594718652327187 |
Nay | RI 2nd | D | Langevin, Jim | 0.28354920965614167 |
Nay | WA 2nd | D | Larsen, Rick | 0.30455649298720444 |
Nay | CT 1st | D | Larson, John | 0.3808677586559991 |
Nay | MI 14th | D | Lawrence, Brenda | 0.28032683141842013 |
Nay | CA 13th | D | Lee, Barbara | 0.007259294165460806 |
Nay | MI 9th | D | Levin, Sander | 0.2783168276981514 |
Nay | GA 5th | D | Lewis, John | 0.19856615698483354 |
Nay | CA 33rd | D | Lieu, Ted | 0.2631852673721187 |
Nay | IA 2nd | D | Loebsack, David | 0.44511621769710485 |
Nay | CA 19th | D | Lofgren, Zoe | 0.21216179876938762 |
Nay | CA 47th | D | Lowenthal, Alan | 0.19946946238281116 |
Nay | NY 17th | D | Lowey, Nita | 0.3007516613678486 |
Nay | NM 1st | D | Lujan Grisham, Michelle | 0.30070330647478966 |
Nay | NM 3rd | D | Luján, Ben | 0.35542706751436787 |
Nay | NY 12th | D | Maloney, Carolyn | 0.2434767499150607 |
Nay | CA 6th | D | Matsui, Doris | 0.2960795562679165 |
Nay | MN 4th | D | McCollum, Betty | 0.2038915478002947 |
Nay | MA 2nd | D | McGovern, Jim | 0.11140940200113666 |
Nay | CA 9th | D | McNerney, Jerry | 0.26026090644660155 |
Nay | NY 5th | D | Meeks, Gregory | 0.21983705681312293 |
Nay | WI 4th | D | Moore, Gwen | 0.12234842640531586 |
Nay | MA 6th | D | Moulton, Seth | 0.36043003890963216 |
Nay | NY 10th | D | Nadler, Jerrold | 0.16526135102948317 |
Nay | MA 1st | D | Neal, Richard | 0.4475427582190619 |
Nay | MN 8th | D | Nolan, Richard | 0.3766349666208063 |
Nay | NJ 6th | D | Pallone, Frank | 0.26103038695454306 |
Nay | NJ 10th | D | Payne, Donald | 0.22129557643924178 |
Nay | CA 12th | D | Pelosi, Nancy | 0.19637169740281796 |
Nay | ME 1st | D | Pingree, Chellie | 0.2719640290096105 |
Nay | WI 2nd | D | Pocan, Mark | 0.17927273737999544 |
Nay | CO 2nd | D | Polis, Jared | 0.3251705940170405 |
Nay | NC 4th | D | Price, David | 0.32451546430199435 |
Nay | MD 8th | D | Raskin, Jamie | 0.23596545169262167 |
Nay | NY 4th | D | Rice, Kathleen | 0.3719350146186852 |
Nay | LA 2nd | D | Richmond, Cedric | 0.32860212874283007 |
Nay | CA 40th | D | Roybal-Allard, Lucille | 0.2234162204876098 |
Nay | IL 1st | D | Rush, Bobby | 0.25182968755100965 |
Nay | OH 13th | D | Ryan, Tim | 0.3424160504943651 |
Nay | MD 3rd | D | Sarbanes, John | 0.3174068445289289 |
Nay | IL 9th | D | Schakowsky, Jan | 0.10583336938288548 |
Nay | IL 10th | D | Schneider, Brad | 0.44160751222251127 |
Nay | GA 13th | D | Scott, David | 0.4550187480913228 |
Nay | VA 3rd | D | Scott, Bobby | 0.22582284193721017 |
Nay | NY 15th | D | Serrano, José | 0.15919940292167528 |
Nay | AL 7th | D | Sewell, Terri | 0.39785972263192726 |
Nay | NH 1st | D | Shea-Porter, Carol | 0.2755213805111165 |
Nay | CA 30th | D | Sherman, Brad | 0.40498260735882347 |
Nay | NJ 8th | D | Sires, Albio | 0.32010968091398734 |
Nay | NY 25th | D | Slaughter, Louise | 0.18685955162496096 |
Nay | WA 9th | D | Smith, Adam | 0.23881370208076047 |
Nay | CA 14th | D | Speier, Jackie | 0.2505372133415043 |
Nay | CA 38th | D | Sánchez, Linda | 0.3224930466244652 |
Nay | CA 41st | D | Takano, Mark | 0.15035528858656344 |
Nay | NV 1st | D | Titus, Dina | 0.3009318653264177 |
Nay | NY 20th | D | Tonko, Paul | 0.23436392855951327 |
Nay | MA 3rd | D | Tsongas, Niki | 0.27794313837727663 |
Nay | CA 51st | D | Vargas, Juan | 0.2926978172339313 |
Nay | TX 33rd | D | Veasey, Marc | 0.3238091732030835 |
Nay | NY 7th | D | Velázquez, Nydia | 0.21660709809369388 |
Nay | IN 1st | D | Visclosky, Peter | 0.19637169740281796 |
Nay | MN 1st | D | Walz, Timothy | 0.452903694128826 |
Nay | FL 23rd | D | Wasserman Schultz, Debbie | 0.25595084705728083 |
Nay | CA 43rd | D | Waters, Maxine | 0.2264061028400706 |
Nay | NJ 12th | D | Watson Coleman, Bonnie | 0.17114372494459776 |
Nay | VT | D | Welch, Peter | 0.3337303974209492 |
Nay | KY 3rd | D | Yarmuth, John | 0.2941884011995938 |
Nay | MI 3rd | R | Amash, Justin | 0.5847703786878518 |
Nay | KY 4th | R | Massie, Thomas | 0.7233261908471537 |
Nay | MI 10th | R | Mitchell, Paul | 0.6774741305212113 |
Nay | NJ 4th | R | Smith, Chris | 0.6687743349141072 |
No Vote | IL 4th | D | Gutiérrez, Luis | 0.16867506495132104 |
No Vote | VA 4th | D | McEachin, Donald | 0.3514218314552699 |
No Vote | CA 32nd | D | Napolitano, Grace | 0.20641280701539447 |
No Vote | NY 3rd | D | Suozzi, Thomas | 0.4278930039171531 |
No Vote | CA 15th | D | Swalwell, Eric | 0.2886957395467429 |
No Vote | FL 24th | D | Wilson, Frederica | 0.168205477770944 |
No Vote | UT 3rd | R | Chaffetz, Jason | 0.7196984414612391 |
No Vote | OK 4th | R | Cole, Tom | 0.8261178303377552 |
No Vote | AR 1st | R | Crawford, Eric | 0.8376727069074608 |
No Vote | FL 26th | R | Curbelo, Carlos | 0.6668943339903571 |
No Vote | TX 1st | R | Gohmert, Louie | 0.9280790719104844 |
No Vote | TX 3rd | R | Johnson, Sam | 0.847796219622453 |
No Vote | WA 4th | R | Newhouse, Dan | 0.7896027828032773 |
No Vote | FL 17th | R | Rooney, Thomas | 0.759558011276886 |
No Vote | OK 5th | R | Russell, Steve | 0.7021289805594078 |
No Vote | TX 32nd | R | Sessions, Pete | 0.9929263401312708 |
Statistically Notable Votes
Statistically notable votes are the votes that are most surprising, or least predictable, given how other members of each voter’s party voted and other factors.
All Votes
Study Guide
How well do you understand this vote? Use this study guide to find out.
You can find answers to most of the questions below here on the vote page. For a guide to understanding the bill this vote was about, see here.
What was the procedure for this vote?
- What was this vote on?
- What is the next step after this vote?
Not all votes are meant to pass legislation. In the Senate some votes are not about legislation at all, since the Senate must vote to confirm presidential nominations to certain federal positions.
This vote is related to a bill. However, that doesn’t necessarily tell you what it is about. Congress makes many decisions in the process of passing legislation, such as on the procedures for debating the bill, whether to change the bill before voting on passage, and even whether to vote on passage at all.
You can learn more about the various motions used in Congress at EveryCRSReport.com. If you aren’t sure what the House was voting on, try seeing if it’s on this list.
Take a look at where this bill is in the legislative process. What might come next? Keep in mind what this specific vote was on, and the context of the bill. Will there be amendments? Will the other chamber of Congress vote on it, or let it die?
For this question it may help to briefly examine the bill itself.
What is your analysis of this vote?
- What trends do you see in this vote?
- How did your representative vote?
Members of Congress side together for many reasons beside being in the same political party, especially so for less prominent legislation or legislation specific to a certain region. What might have determined how the roll call came out in this case? Does it look like Members of Congress voted based on party, geography, or some other reason?
One tool that will be helpful in answering this question is the cartogram at the top of the page. A cartogram is a stylized map of the United States that shows each district as an identical hexagon. This view allows you to see the how the representatives from each district voted arranged by their geography and colored by their political party. What trends can you see in the cartogram for this vote?
There is one vote here that should be more important to you than all the others. These are the votes cast by your representative, which is meant to represent you and your community. Do you agree with how your representative voted? Why do you think they voted the way they did?
If you don’t already know who your Members of Congress are you can find them by entering your address here.
Each vote’s study guide is a little different — we automatically choose which questions to include based on the information we have available about the vote. Study guides are a new feature to GovTrack. You can help us improve them by filling out this survey or by sending your feedback to hello@govtrack.us.