H.R. 3697: Criminal Alien Gang Member Removal Act
This was a vote to pass H.R. 3697 (115th) in the House.
Should the government be able to deport or detain immigrants who are suspected of gang membership, even if they haven’t been convicted of — or even arrested for — a crime?
A bill that passed the House last week would allow the government to do just that.
What the bill does
The Criminal Alien Gang Member Removal Act (H.R. 3697) would prevent non-Americans suspected of gang activity from coming to the U.S. It would also allow for the deportation or detainment of immigrants already here who are suspected of gang involvement.
Last fiscal year, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) removed more than 2,000 suspected gang members from the country, but only after they were convicted of another crime. This legislation would allow for their potential removal prior to that.
What supporters say
Supporters argue the bill is a necessary public safety measure in response to the rise of gangs comprised largely of immigrants. Supporters in particular often reference a primarily-immigrant gang called MS-13, which traces its origins back to the 1980s but has become more prevalent in the U.S. recently, to the point that President Trump mentioned his plans to “eradicate” them in a summer speech.
“In Northern Virginia there have been at least eight brutal murders tied to the transnational MS-13 gang since last November,” House lead sponsor Comstock said in a press release. “That is unacceptable, and this legislation will help get these violent gang members off our streets. MS-13 preys upon and intimidates those who have come to our country to seek a better life.”
That number Comstock cites of eight murders in her home region of northern Virginia appears to be accurate — if not actually an understatement, since the statistic was from May. The numbers are even worse in some other regions, such as at least 17 murders committed by the gang in Long Island.
What opponents say
Opponents argue the bill, by allowing the deportation of people not even accused of a crime, violates the “innocent until proven guilty” axiom of the American legal system and violates the right to association (in this case association with gangs) provided in the First Amendment.
The bill “will promote widespread racial profiling, violate First Amendment protections, expand mandatory detention of immigrants, raise serious constitutional questions on judicial review of government designations of certain groups, and bar humanitarian relief for individuals in violation of international treaties,” the American Civil Liberties Union said in a statement
While nobody on either side of the aisle disputes that immigrants who become convicted murderers should get deported, mere association with gangs — or even hearsay suspicion of gang involvement — is a different story.
“H.R. 3697 seeks to deport immigrants based on a mere “reason to believe” that they have been involved in gang activities. This overly broad designation could sweep up individuals who have not engaged in criminal activity,” the ACLU continued in their statement. “Indeed, in many cases, H.R. 3697 could make immigrants deportable for activities protected by the First Amendment.”
Votes and odds of passage
After attracting six Republican cosponsors, It passed the House on September 14 by a vote of 233–175, a mere week after the bill was introduced.
Only 11 Democrats voted in favor, five of whom represent states that border Mexico. Only one Republican voted against: libertarian-leaning Rep. Justin Amash (R-MI3).
The bill now goes to the Senate Judiciary Committee. Skopos Labs rates it as a 32 percent chance of enactment. President Trump has indicated he would sign the bill if it passes the Senate.
“This bill provides law enforcement with the tools they need to improve domestic security and restore public safety by denying criminal alien gang members admission to the United States,” the White House said in a statement. “President Trump has always made the safety of Americans his highest priority, and encourages the Senate to take quick action and pass this bill.”
Totals
All Votes | Republicans | Democrats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yea | 57% |
233
|
222
|
11
|
Nay | 43% |
175
|
1
|
174
|
Not Voting |
25
|
16
|
9
|
Passed. Simple Majority Required. Source: house.gov.
Ideology Vote Chart
Cartogram Map
Vote Details
“Aye” and “Yea” mean the same thing, and so do “No” and “Nay”. Congress uses different words in different sorts of votes.
The U.S. Constitution says that bills should be decided on by the “yeas and nays” (Article I, Section 7). Congress takes this literally and uses “yea” and “nay” when voting on the final passage of bills.
All Senate votes use these words. But the House of Representatives uses “Aye” and “No” in other sorts of votes.
Vote | District | Party | Representative | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yea | CA 24th | D | Carbajal, Salud | 0.3402180651412155 |
Yea | TX 28th | D | Cuellar, Henry | 0.6052667977899809 |
Yea | NJ 5th | D | Gottheimer, Josh | 0.5148892332694028 |
Yea | NV 4th | D | Kihuen, Ruben | 0.19637169740281796 |
Yea | IL 3rd | D | Lipinski, Daniel | 0.49196503804438363 |
Yea | FL 7th | D | Murphy, Stephanie | 0.4595921010577839 |
Yea | AZ 1st | D | O’Halleran, Tom | 0.4786339898952032 |
Yea | MN 7th | D | Peterson, Collin | 0.6599061975649219 |
Yea | NV 3rd | D | Rosen, Jacky | 0.410545891822154 |
Yea | CA 36th | D | Ruiz, Raul | 0.39758045472363585 |
Yea | AZ 9th | D | Sinema, Kyrsten | 0.5673281682975805 |
Yea | LA 5th | R | Abraham, Ralph | 0.855856974756022 |
Yea | AL 4th | R | Aderholt, Robert | 0.7678812519066485 |
Yea | GA 12th | R | Allen, Rick | 0.8570366556259514 |
Yea | NV 2nd | R | Amodei, Mark | 0.8040426518679427 |
Yea | TX 19th | R | Arrington, Jodey | 0.794128873303482 |
Yea | TX 36th | R | Babin, Brian | 0.9310168483403579 |
Yea | NE 2nd | R | Bacon, Don | 0.6690872253507363 |
Yea | IN 3rd | R | Banks, Jim | 0.7111929875869623 |
Yea | PA 11th | R | Barletta, Lou | 0.8414063104276013 |
Yea | KY 6th | R | Barr, Andy | 0.89184247298496 |
Yea | TX 6th | R | Barton, Joe | 0.7536378906597541 |
Yea | MI 1st | R | Bergman, Jack | 0.6161255277630655 |
Yea | AZ 5th | R | Biggs, Andy | 0.7155031220152636 |
Yea | FL 12th | R | Bilirakis, Gus | 0.7798607609958561 |
Yea | MI 8th | R | Bishop, Mike | 0.8327052096041819 |
Yea | UT 1st | R | Bishop, Rob | 0.8278331834542318 |
Yea | TN 6th | R | Black, Diane | 0.8831773979398415 |
Yea | TN 7th | R | Blackburn, Marsha | 0.9502611945211994 |
Yea | IA 1st | R | Blum, Rod | 0.7552211824721285 |
Yea | IL 12th | R | Bost, Mike | 0.7232483784767169 |
Yea | TX 8th | R | Brady, Kevin | 0.7668354051044779 |
Yea | VA 7th | R | Brat, Dave | 0.8332923098711228 |
Yea | AL 5th | R | Brooks, Mo | 0.8875612023661059 |
Yea | IN 5th | R | Brooks, Susan | 0.7656755409182311 |
Yea | FL 16th | R | Buchanan, Vern | 0.6907664507477119 |
Yea | CO 4th | R | Buck, Ken | 0.7287754913444309 |
Yea | IN 8th | R | Bucshon, Larry | 0.8219937349744911 |
Yea | NC 13th | R | Budd, Ted | 0.6957129522400266 |
Yea | TX 26th | R | Burgess, Michael | 0.8279147715196493 |
Yea | AL 1st | R | Byrne, Bradley | 0.8654302481150407 |
Yea | CA 42nd | R | Calvert, Ken | 0.7823468448072168 |
Yea | TX 31st | R | Carter, John | 0.7903107117699989 |
Yea | OH 1st | R | Chabot, Steve | 0.88321197815239 |
Yea | WY | R | Cheney, Liz | 0.6059835444045762 |
Yea | CO 6th | R | Coffman, Mike | 0.7712860738273608 |
Yea | OK 4th | R | Cole, Tom | 0.8261178303377552 |
Yea | NY 27th | R | Collins, Chris | 0.8040640629178037 |
Yea | GA 9th | R | Collins, Doug | 0.8121056699713206 |
Yea | KY 1st | R | Comer, James | 0.6182489483981783 |
Yea | VA 10th | R | Comstock, Barbara | 0.6904748160219147 |
Yea | TX 11th | R | Conaway, Michael | 0.8303683544834854 |
Yea | CA 8th | R | Cook, Paul | 0.7561577001429572 |
Yea | PA 6th | R | Costello, Ryan | 0.6308964112835674 |
Yea | ND | R | Cramer, Kevin | 0.9846439281890063 |
Yea | AR 1st | R | Crawford, Eric | 0.8376727069074608 |
Yea | TX 7th | R | Culberson, John | 0.8511659372978434 |
Yea | FL 26th | R | Curbelo, Carlos | 0.6668943339903571 |
Yea | OH 8th | R | Davidson, Warren | 0.6489896204765467 |
Yea | IL 13th | R | Davis, Rodney | 0.789654986745232 |
Yea | FL 6th | R | DeSantis, Ron | 0.8111801491510022 |
Yea | CA 10th | R | Denham, Jeff | 0.6838460290885308 |
Yea | PA 15th | R | Dent, Charles | 0.6300182965479403 |
Yea | TN 4th | R | DesJarlais, Scott | 0.9061640748718705 |
Yea | NY 11th | R | Donovan, Daniel | 0.5954322558130607 |
Yea | WI 7th | R | Duffy, Sean | 0.7630745704570787 |
Yea | SC 3rd | R | Duncan, Jeff | 1.0 |
Yea | TN 2nd | R | Duncan, John | 0.8415067177621408 |
Yea | FL 2nd | R | Dunn, Neal | 0.6728486311500376 |
Yea | MN 6th | R | Emmer, Tom | 0.7870483035120954 |
Yea | KS 4th | R | Estes, Ron | 0.794128873303482 |
Yea | TX 27th | R | Farenthold, Blake | 0.9186589641490005 |
Yea | NY 19th | R | Faso, John | 0.5875827205034586 |
Yea | GA 3rd | R | Ferguson, Drew | 0.6721372214602784 |
Yea | PA 8th | R | Fitzpatrick, Brian | 0.59324550256856 |
Yea | TN 3rd | R | Fleischmann, Chuck | 0.8135197039735258 |
Yea | TX 17th | R | Flores, Bill | 0.9208869201167657 |
Yea | NE 1st | R | Fortenberry, Jeff | 0.7451929030201173 |
Yea | NC 5th | R | Foxx, Virginia | 0.68180438397801 |
Yea | AZ 8th | R | Franks, Trent | 0.928631560465506 |
Yea | NJ 11th | R | Frelinghuysen, Rodney | 0.6255222425784025 |
Yea | FL 1st | R | Gaetz, Matt | 0.7043821140232365 |
Yea | WI 8th | R | Gallagher, Mike | 0.6544098013014009 |
Yea | MT | R | Gianforte, Greg | 0.794128873303482 |
Yea | OH 7th | R | Gibbs, Bob | 0.8851766602415377 |
Yea | TX 1st | R | Gohmert, Louie | 0.9280790719104844 |
Yea | VA 6th | R | Goodlatte, Bob | 0.8032612882443046 |
Yea | SC 4th | R | Gowdy, Trey | 0.7269453303935535 |
Yea | TX 12th | R | Granger, Kay | 0.6987064251251529 |
Yea | LA 6th | R | Graves, Garret | 0.6622461118594211 |
Yea | GA 14th | R | Graves, Tom | 0.8104323190856061 |
Yea | VA 9th | R | Griffith, Morgan | 0.7606270632194381 |
Yea | WI 6th | R | Grothman, Glenn | 0.8800555299396006 |
Yea | KY 2nd | R | Guthrie, Brett | 0.8308808024674944 |
Yea | GA 6th | R | Handel, Karen | 0.794128873303482 |
Yea | MS 3rd | R | Harper, Gregg | 0.8315332042897035 |
Yea | MD 1st | R | Harris, Andy | 0.8955534114538176 |
Yea | MO 4th | R | Hartzler, Vicky | 0.9083796641889869 |
Yea | TX 5th | R | Hensarling, Jeb | 0.8653806735772378 |
Yea | WA 3rd | R | Herrera Beutler, Jaime | 0.6715360568883035 |
Yea | GA 10th | R | Hice, Jody | 0.8634505759310129 |
Yea | LA 3rd | R | Higgins, Clay | 0.6365711518252246 |
Yea | AR 2nd | R | Hill, French | 0.7538141632670272 |
Yea | NC 2nd | R | Holding, George | 0.7808331650918177 |
Yea | IN 9th | R | Hollingsworth, Trey | 0.6026466228208788 |
Yea | NC 8th | R | Hudson, Richard | 0.8909559745075635 |
Yea | MI 2nd | R | Huizenga, Bill | 0.8594254389369452 |
Yea | IL 14th | R | Hultgren, Randy | 0.8110621215633556 |
Yea | CA 50th | R | Hunter, Duncan | 0.7725493519506934 |
Yea | TX 23rd | R | Hurd, Will | 0.6463309594362682 |
Yea | CA 49th | R | Issa, Darrell | 0.6657882546867206 |
Yea | WV 3rd | R | Jenkins, Evan | 0.6901295768687917 |
Yea | KS 2nd | R | Jenkins, Lynn | 0.8742401734960493 |
Yea | OH 6th | R | Johnson, Bill | 0.8849229746219821 |
Yea | LA 4th | R | Johnson, Mike | 0.6622509902070052 |
Yea | TX 3rd | R | Johnson, Sam | 0.847796219622453 |
Yea | NC 3rd | R | Jones, Walter | 0.8063442043403778 |
Yea | OH 4th | R | Jordan, Jim | 0.8018652683225396 |
Yea | OH 14th | R | Joyce, David | 0.7784411609624209 |
Yea | NY 24th | R | Katko, John | 0.6066814765619349 |
Yea | PA 3rd | R | Kelly, Mike | 0.8643551437912823 |
Yea | MS 1st | R | Kelly, Trent | 0.7339686404681087 |
Yea | NY 2nd | R | King, Pete | 0.621868715149116 |
Yea | IA 4th | R | King, Steve | 0.9020635494376729 |
Yea | IL 16th | R | Kinzinger, Adam | 0.723826558967979 |
Yea | CA 25th | R | Knight, Steve | 0.6803381269866247 |
Yea | TN 8th | R | Kustoff, David | 0.6327220241510694 |
Yea | IL 18th | R | LaHood, Darin | 0.6830750595894345 |
Yea | CA 1st | R | LaMalfa, Doug | 0.9573570676924076 |
Yea | ID 1st | R | Labrador, Raúl | 0.7448836799113854 |
Yea | CO 5th | R | Lamborn, Doug | 0.8820037872138591 |
Yea | NJ 7th | R | Lance, Leonard | 0.6946748896656205 |
Yea | OH 5th | R | Latta, Robert | 0.8987120014119938 |
Yea | MN 2nd | R | Lewis, Jason | 0.5848858304236215 |
Yea | NJ 2nd | R | LoBiondo, Frank | 0.602478657519855 |
Yea | MO 7th | R | Long, Billy | 0.885344057796079 |
Yea | UT 4th | R | Love, Mia | 0.6937269539133007 |
Yea | OK 3rd | R | Lucas, Frank | 0.772635989650263 |
Yea | MO 3rd | R | Luetkemeyer, Blaine | 0.8785066169756957 |
Yea | NJ 3rd | R | MacArthur, Tom | 0.6161351852131595 |
Yea | TX 24th | R | Marchant, Kenny | 0.9110980205476424 |
Yea | PA 10th | R | Marino, Tom | 0.7511422663687899 |
Yea | KS 1st | R | Marshall, Roger | 0.6976547386045246 |
Yea | KY 4th | R | Massie, Thomas | 0.7233261908471537 |
Yea | FL 18th | R | Mast, Brian | 0.5858176769230519 |
Yea | CA 23rd | R | McCarthy, Kevin | 0.5275257044073847 |
Yea | TX 10th | R | McCaul, Michael | 0.8153510984226577 |
Yea | CA 4th | R | McClintock, Tom | 0.8630629664173355 |
Yea | NC 10th | R | McHenry, Patrick | 0.7274219718135848 |
Yea | WV 1st | R | McKinley, David | 0.7950227494762926 |
Yea | AZ 2nd | R | McSally, Martha | 0.6887816374831786 |
Yea | NC 11th | R | Meadows, Mark | 0.934212086776392 |
Yea | PA 7th | R | Meehan, Patrick | 0.6755935220388728 |
Yea | IN 6th | R | Messer, Luke | 0.902471152284251 |
Yea | MI 10th | R | Mitchell, Paul | 0.6774741305212113 |
Yea | MI 4th | R | Moolenaar, John | 0.7384843115758494 |
Yea | WV 2nd | R | Mooney, Alexander | 0.7986589439143982 |
Yea | OK 2nd | R | Mullin, Markwayne | 0.8305009447701376 |
Yea | PA 18th | R | Murphy, Tim | 0.7398968403651669 |
Yea | WA 4th | R | Newhouse, Dan | 0.7896027828032773 |
Yea | SD | R | Noem, Kristi | 0.8213104947801954 |
Yea | SC 5th | R | Norman, Ralph | 0.7544549526065897 |
Yea | CA 22nd | R | Nunes, Devin | 0.7223522550672566 |
Yea | TX 22nd | R | Olson, Pete | 0.9841688139218938 |
Yea | MS 4th | R | Palazzo, Steven | 0.8945774386607867 |
Yea | AL 6th | R | Palmer, Gary | 0.7022427901090951 |
Yea | MN 3rd | R | Paulsen, Erik | 0.736856330491871 |
Yea | NM 2nd | R | Pearce, Steve | 0.9090489454604411 |
Yea | PA 4th | R | Perry, Scott | 0.8367699883427041 |
Yea | NC 9th | R | Pittenger, Robert | 0.9253250056226298 |
Yea | TX 2nd | R | Poe, Ted | 0.8284889949267222 |
Yea | ME 2nd | R | Poliquin, Bruce | 0.7175956121427263 |
Yea | TX 4th | R | Ratcliffe, John | 0.8005832051330071 |
Yea | NY 23rd | R | Reed, Tom | 0.6865418443349752 |
Yea | WA 8th | R | Reichert, David | 0.6280075445033516 |
Yea | OH 16th | R | Renacci, James | 0.8137828703669964 |
Yea | SC 7th | R | Rice, Tom | 0.7750046984665552 |
Yea | AL 2nd | R | Roby, Martha | 0.7548157163418622 |
Yea | WA 5th | R | Rodgers, Cathy | 0.7194597129363479 |
Yea | TN 1st | R | Roe, Phil | 0.973054020611422 |
Yea | KY 5th | R | Rogers, Hal | 0.6638625829372049 |
Yea | AL 3rd | R | Rogers, Mike | 0.789500433607361 |
Yea | CA 48th | R | Rohrabacher, Dana | 0.7000621940284638 |
Yea | IN 4th | R | Rokita, Todd | 0.9650116711595357 |
Yea | IL 6th | R | Roskam, Peter | 0.7436428031635205 |
Yea | PA 12th | R | Rothfus, Keith | 0.8424620227789541 |
Yea | NC 7th | R | Rouzer, David | 0.8947125362441296 |
Yea | CA 39th | R | Royce, Ed | 0.6568996958384423 |
Yea | OK 5th | R | Russell, Steve | 0.7021289805594078 |
Yea | SC 1st | R | Sanford, Mark | 0.6932005896243397 |
Yea | AZ 6th | R | Schweikert, David | 0.8563575982759841 |
Yea | GA 8th | R | Scott, Austin | 0.8981058619546133 |
Yea | WI 5th | R | Sensenbrenner, James | 0.7960851238409654 |
Yea | TX 32nd | R | Sessions, Pete | 0.9929263401312708 |
Yea | IL 15th | R | Shimkus, John | 0.7436096129040258 |
Yea | PA 9th | R | Shuster, Bill | 0.7266124277545254 |
Yea | ID 2nd | R | Simpson, Mike | 0.7069574353601251 |
Yea | NE 3rd | R | Smith, Adrian | 0.7487555795072871 |
Yea | NJ 4th | R | Smith, Chris | 0.6687743349141072 |
Yea | MO 8th | R | Smith, Jason | 0.8501070699377427 |
Yea | TX 21st | R | Smith, Lamar | 0.9010221325208727 |
Yea | PA 16th | R | Smucker, Lloyd | 0.6525310028287222 |
Yea | NY 21st | R | Stefanik, Elise | 0.6670575725886118 |
Yea | UT 2nd | R | Stewart, Chris | 0.8501904452775845 |
Yea | OH 15th | R | Stivers, Steve | 0.8520578206149897 |
Yea | VA 2nd | R | Taylor, Scott | 0.5612170984440698 |
Yea | NY 22nd | R | Tenney, Claudia | 0.638221498917297 |
Yea | PA 5th | R | Thompson, Glenn | 0.8145657223603296 |
Yea | TX 13th | R | Thornberry, Mac | 0.7138314764675527 |
Yea | CO 3rd | R | Tipton, Scott | 0.8374178577388357 |
Yea | MI 11th | R | Trott, Dave | 0.7016990147433549 |
Yea | OH 10th | R | Turner, Michael | 0.731279912757188 |
Yea | MI 6th | R | Upton, Fred | 0.6464333103735311 |
Yea | CA 21st | R | Valadao, David | 0.7670535685718973 |
Yea | MO 2nd | R | Wagner, Ann | 0.8424974202749828 |
Yea | MI 7th | R | Walberg, Tim | 0.8920430358700049 |
Yea | OR 2nd | R | Walden, Greg | 0.6877668023345672 |
Yea | NC 6th | R | Walker, Mark | 0.7468384115232932 |
Yea | IN 2nd | R | Walorski, Jackie | 0.8230609325415258 |
Yea | CA 45th | R | Walters, Mimi | 0.6791744951163337 |
Yea | TX 14th | R | Weber, Randy | 0.9229927257359607 |
Yea | FL 11th | R | Webster, Daniel | 0.7811889239072701 |
Yea | OH 2nd | R | Wenstrup, Brad | 0.8257486542081274 |
Yea | AR 4th | R | Westerman, Bruce | 0.8278433731467982 |
Yea | TX 25th | R | Williams, Roger | 0.8518130203449917 |
Yea | SC 2nd | R | Wilson, Joe | 0.8935128795502556 |
Yea | VA 1st | R | Wittman, Robert | 0.8227229507156151 |
Yea | AR 3rd | R | Womack, Steve | 0.8007136367860198 |
Yea | GA 7th | R | Woodall, Rob | 0.6828330086079383 |
Yea | KS 3rd | R | Yoder, Kevin | 0.7834945738865167 |
Yea | IA 3rd | R | Young, David | 0.7596668887803879 |
Yea | AK | R | Young, Don | 0.722493008827191 |
Yea | NY 1st | R | Zeldin, Lee | 0.6923298951512034 |
Nay | NC 12th | D | Adams, Alma | 0.30260548173967394 |
Nay | CA 31st | D | Aguilar, Pete | 0.33996899497116995 |
Nay | CA 44th | D | Barragán, Nanette | 0.27356207668090177 |
Nay | CA 37th | D | Bass, Karen | 0.23553158645370478 |
Nay | OH 3rd | D | Beatty, Joyce | 0.33658695683787215 |
Nay | CA 7th | D | Bera, Ami | 0.4404496943549505 |
Nay | VA 8th | D | Beyer, Donald | 0.28434853265707627 |
Nay | GA 2nd | D | Bishop, Sanford | 0.44147569759023947 |
Nay | OR 3rd | D | Blumenauer, Earl | 0.2364760599173448 |
Nay | DE | D | Blunt Rochester, Lisa | 0.19637169740281796 |
Nay | OR 1st | D | Bonamici, Suzanne | 0.2566418463953525 |
Nay | PA 13th | D | Boyle, Brendan | 0.3612857355043937 |
Nay | PA 1st | D | Brady, Robert | 0.37859756480060003 |
Nay | MD 4th | D | Brown, Anthony | 0.35424782508535557 |
Nay | CA 26th | D | Brownley, Julia | 0.31305797272737357 |
Nay | IL 17th | D | Bustos, Cheri | 0.4189108520065516 |
Nay | NC 1st | D | Butterfield, G.K. | 0.33427345191955743 |
Nay | MA 7th | D | Capuano, Michael | 0.27402690046098194 |
Nay | IN 7th | D | Carson, André | 0.2373202791870961 |
Nay | PA 17th | D | Cartwright, Matt | 0.27190694060174575 |
Nay | FL 14th | D | Castor, Kathy | 0.28997340502960167 |
Nay | TX 20th | D | Castro, Joaquin | 0.3626762856511322 |
Nay | CA 27th | D | Chu, Judy | 0.16021438828671963 |
Nay | RI 1st | D | Cicilline, David | 0.2030607953388317 |
Nay | MA 5th | D | Clark, Katherine | 0.2282069782279255 |
Nay | NY 9th | D | Clarke, Yvette | 0.11760905678563943 |
Nay | MO 1st | D | Clay, Lacy | 0.29212842694506375 |
Nay | TN 9th | D | Cohen, Steve | 0.17300175949259142 |
Nay | VA 11th | D | Connolly, Gerald | 0.32690604487113906 |
Nay | MI 13th | D | Conyers, John | 0.1410957077729104 |
Nay | TN 5th | D | Cooper, Jim | 0.47486744101579265 |
Nay | CA 46th | D | Correa, Luis | 0.416669157722963 |
Nay | CT 2nd | D | Courtney, Joe | 0.38623648443681313 |
Nay | NY 14th | D | Crowley, Joe | 0.298715952336208 |
Nay | MD 7th | D | Cummings, Elijah | 0.20718942679581703 |
Nay | CA 29th | D | Cárdenas, Tony | 0.30076808379837 |
Nay | IL 7th | D | Davis, Danny | 0.2664469015032003 |
Nay | CA 53rd | D | Davis, Susan | 0.28610939137386876 |
Nay | OR 4th | D | DeFazio, Peter | 0.3471999238026032 |
Nay | CO 1st | D | DeGette, Diana | 0.33265175814792186 |
Nay | CA 11th | D | DeSaulnier, Mark | 0.20388316196323006 |
Nay | WA 1st | D | DelBene, Suzan | 0.3621515947313965 |
Nay | MD 6th | D | Delaney, John | 0.42763436597357046 |
Nay | FL 10th | D | Demings, Val | 0.36628712685595427 |
Nay | FL 22nd | D | Deutch, Ted | 0.3082599780076811 |
Nay | MI 12th | D | Dingell, Debbie | 0.2836282040704873 |
Nay | TX 35th | D | Doggett, Lloyd | 0.32729609198813286 |
Nay | PA 14th | D | Doyle, Michael | 0.3799700098855915 |
Nay | MN 5th | D | Ellison, Keith | 0.1013203659039833 |
Nay | NY 16th | D | Engel, Eliot | 0.29501365088541903 |
Nay | CA 18th | D | Eshoo, Anna | 0.29582355229033136 |
Nay | NY 13th | D | Espaillat, Adriano | 0.28371225999614236 |
Nay | CT 5th | D | Esty, Elizabeth | 0.3534980601635681 |
Nay | PA 2nd | D | Evans, Dwight | 0.19637169740281796 |
Nay | IL 11th | D | Foster, Bill | 0.3502729809687002 |
Nay | OH 11th | D | Fudge, Marcia | 0.273154625359436 |
Nay | HI 2nd | D | Gabbard, Tulsi | 0.3843435653341845 |
Nay | AZ 7th | D | Gallego, Ruben | 0.29578925773152354 |
Nay | CA 3rd | D | Garamendi, John | 0.2947546918722868 |
Nay | CA 34th | D | Gomez, Jimmy | 0.3632283905214064 |
Nay | TX 15th | D | Gonzalez, Vicente | 0.19637169740281796 |
Nay | TX 9th | D | Green, Al | 0.2582958605634312 |
Nay | TX 29th | D | Green, Gene | 0.45550167573167144 |
Nay | AZ 3rd | D | Grijalva, Raúl | 0.016758214284802078 |
Nay | IL 4th | D | Gutiérrez, Luis | 0.16867506495132104 |
Nay | HI 1st | D | Hanabusa, Colleen | 0.32608667679909753 |
Nay | FL 20th | D | Hastings, Alcee | 0.15595856153292675 |
Nay | WA 10th | D | Heck, Denny | 0.36938589160405166 |
Nay | NY 26th | D | Higgins, Brian | 0.3282030364840475 |
Nay | CT 4th | D | Himes, James | 0.35946014950689575 |
Nay | MD 5th | D | Hoyer, Steny | 0.3670297736313559 |
Nay | CA 2nd | D | Huffman, Jared | 0.21088204449137576 |
Nay | TX 18th | D | Jackson Lee, Sheila | 0.1482744065082744 |
Nay | WA 7th | D | Jayapal, Pramila | 0.23197180099489417 |
Nay | NY 8th | D | Jeffries, Hakeem | 0.24209192326327295 |
Nay | TX 30th | D | Johnson, Eddie | 0.28509652395034946 |
Nay | GA 4th | D | Johnson, Hank | 0.2247435072814008 |
Nay | OH 9th | D | Kaptur, Marcy | 0.27176102313564193 |
Nay | MA 9th | D | Keating, William | 0.30816777494860514 |
Nay | IL 2nd | D | Kelly, Robin | 0.2644429816207427 |
Nay | MA 4th | D | Kennedy, Joseph | 0.3257149266156062 |
Nay | CA 17th | D | Khanna, Ro | 0.264389618443314 |
Nay | MI 5th | D | Kildee, Daniel | 0.3280475655188996 |
Nay | WA 6th | D | Kilmer, Derek | 0.4120254695900889 |
Nay | WI 3rd | D | Kind, Ron | 0.5331945747380052 |
Nay | IL 8th | D | Krishnamoorthi, Raja | 0.3866613162999062 |
Nay | NH 2nd | D | Kuster, Ann | 0.38594718652327187 |
Nay | RI 2nd | D | Langevin, Jim | 0.28354920965614167 |
Nay | WA 2nd | D | Larsen, Rick | 0.30455649298720444 |
Nay | MI 14th | D | Lawrence, Brenda | 0.28032683141842013 |
Nay | CA 13th | D | Lee, Barbara | 0.007259294165460806 |
Nay | MI 9th | D | Levin, Sander | 0.2783168276981514 |
Nay | GA 5th | D | Lewis, John | 0.19856615698483354 |
Nay | CA 33rd | D | Lieu, Ted | 0.2631852673721187 |
Nay | IA 2nd | D | Loebsack, David | 0.44511621769710485 |
Nay | CA 19th | D | Lofgren, Zoe | 0.21216179876938762 |
Nay | CA 47th | D | Lowenthal, Alan | 0.19946946238281116 |
Nay | NY 17th | D | Lowey, Nita | 0.3007516613678486 |
Nay | NM 1st | D | Lujan Grisham, Michelle | 0.30070330647478966 |
Nay | NM 3rd | D | Luján, Ben | 0.35542706751436787 |
Nay | MA 8th | D | Lynch, Stephen | 0.3128283996592946 |
Nay | NY 12th | D | Maloney, Carolyn | 0.2434767499150607 |
Nay | NY 18th | D | Maloney, Sean | 0.3288261923189334 |
Nay | CA 6th | D | Matsui, Doris | 0.2960795562679165 |
Nay | MN 4th | D | McCollum, Betty | 0.2038915478002947 |
Nay | VA 4th | D | McEachin, Donald | 0.3514218314552699 |
Nay | MA 2nd | D | McGovern, Jim | 0.11140940200113666 |
Nay | CA 9th | D | McNerney, Jerry | 0.26026090644660155 |
Nay | NY 5th | D | Meeks, Gregory | 0.21983705681312293 |
Nay | NY 6th | D | Meng, Grace | 0.2662707514395904 |
Nay | WI 4th | D | Moore, Gwen | 0.12234842640531586 |
Nay | MA 6th | D | Moulton, Seth | 0.36043003890963216 |
Nay | NY 10th | D | Nadler, Jerrold | 0.16526135102948317 |
Nay | CA 32nd | D | Napolitano, Grace | 0.20641280701539447 |
Nay | MA 1st | D | Neal, Richard | 0.4475427582190619 |
Nay | MN 8th | D | Nolan, Richard | 0.3766349666208063 |
Nay | NJ 1st | D | Norcross, Donald | 0.35530755220786764 |
Nay | TX 16th | D | O’Rourke, Beto | 0.341765289146586 |
Nay | NJ 6th | D | Pallone, Frank | 0.26103038695454306 |
Nay | CA 20th | D | Panetta, Jimmy | 0.38170086145561827 |
Nay | NJ 9th | D | Pascrell, Bill | 0.3494720317770623 |
Nay | NJ 10th | D | Payne, Donald | 0.22129557643924178 |
Nay | CO 7th | D | Perlmutter, Ed | 0.3742700874871335 |
Nay | CA 52nd | D | Peters, Scott | 0.3635133836607488 |
Nay | ME 1st | D | Pingree, Chellie | 0.2719640290096105 |
Nay | WI 2nd | D | Pocan, Mark | 0.17927273737999544 |
Nay | CO 2nd | D | Polis, Jared | 0.3251705940170405 |
Nay | NC 4th | D | Price, David | 0.32451546430199435 |
Nay | IL 5th | D | Quigley, Mike | 0.27519544853867944 |
Nay | MD 8th | D | Raskin, Jamie | 0.23596545169262167 |
Nay | NY 4th | D | Rice, Kathleen | 0.3719350146186852 |
Nay | LA 2nd | D | Richmond, Cedric | 0.32860212874283007 |
Nay | CA 40th | D | Roybal-Allard, Lucille | 0.2234162204876098 |
Nay | MD 2nd | D | Ruppersberger, A. Dutch | 0.44966866199939487 |
Nay | IL 1st | D | Rush, Bobby | 0.25182968755100965 |
Nay | OH 13th | D | Ryan, Tim | 0.3424160504943651 |
Nay | MD 3rd | D | Sarbanes, John | 0.3174068445289289 |
Nay | IL 9th | D | Schakowsky, Jan | 0.10583336938288548 |
Nay | CA 28th | D | Schiff, Adam | 0.27458110560009935 |
Nay | IL 10th | D | Schneider, Brad | 0.44160751222251127 |
Nay | OR 5th | D | Schrader, Kurt | 0.5291933641555642 |
Nay | GA 13th | D | Scott, David | 0.4550187480913228 |
Nay | VA 3rd | D | Scott, Bobby | 0.22582284193721017 |
Nay | NY 15th | D | Serrano, José | 0.15919940292167528 |
Nay | AL 7th | D | Sewell, Terri | 0.39785972263192726 |
Nay | NH 1st | D | Shea-Porter, Carol | 0.2755213805111165 |
Nay | CA 30th | D | Sherman, Brad | 0.40498260735882347 |
Nay | NJ 8th | D | Sires, Albio | 0.32010968091398734 |
Nay | NY 25th | D | Slaughter, Louise | 0.18685955162496096 |
Nay | WA 9th | D | Smith, Adam | 0.23881370208076047 |
Nay | FL 9th | D | Soto, Darren | 0.2712307385412115 |
Nay | CA 14th | D | Speier, Jackie | 0.2505372133415043 |
Nay | NY 3rd | D | Suozzi, Thomas | 0.4278930039171531 |
Nay | CA 15th | D | Swalwell, Eric | 0.2886957395467429 |
Nay | CA 38th | D | Sánchez, Linda | 0.3224930466244652 |
Nay | CA 41st | D | Takano, Mark | 0.15035528858656344 |
Nay | MS 2nd | D | Thompson, Bennie | 0.3613790319355683 |
Nay | CA 5th | D | Thompson, Mike | 0.401876386610969 |
Nay | NV 1st | D | Titus, Dina | 0.3009318653264177 |
Nay | NY 20th | D | Tonko, Paul | 0.23436392855951327 |
Nay | CA 35th | D | Torres, Norma | 0.33665739981803905 |
Nay | MA 3rd | D | Tsongas, Niki | 0.27794313837727663 |
Nay | CA 51st | D | Vargas, Juan | 0.2926978172339313 |
Nay | TX 33rd | D | Veasey, Marc | 0.3238091732030835 |
Nay | TX 34th | D | Vela, Filemon | 0.40510860623651146 |
Nay | NY 7th | D | Velázquez, Nydia | 0.21660709809369388 |
Nay | IN 1st | D | Visclosky, Peter | 0.19637169740281796 |
Nay | MN 1st | D | Walz, Timothy | 0.452903694128826 |
Nay | FL 23rd | D | Wasserman Schultz, Debbie | 0.25595084705728083 |
Nay | CA 43rd | D | Waters, Maxine | 0.2264061028400706 |
Nay | NJ 12th | D | Watson Coleman, Bonnie | 0.17114372494459776 |
Nay | VT | D | Welch, Peter | 0.3337303974209492 |
Nay | FL 24th | D | Wilson, Frederica | 0.168205477770944 |
Nay | KY 3rd | D | Yarmuth, John | 0.2941884011995938 |
Nay | MI 3rd | R | Amash, Justin | 0.5847703786878518 |
No Vote | MO 5th | D | Cleaver, Emanuel | 0.3616952834225266 |
No Vote | SC 6th | D | Clyburn, Jim | 0.34515694916649947 |
No Vote | CA 16th | D | Costa, Jim | 0.504077673365983 |
No Vote | FL 13th | D | Crist, Charlie | 0.3802832259676551 |
No Vote | CT 3rd | D | DeLauro, Rosa | 0.21069038626421618 |
No Vote | FL 21st | D | Frankel, Lois | 0.3334720660136642 |
No Vote | CT 1st | D | Larson, John | 0.3808677586559991 |
No Vote | FL 5th | D | Lawson, Al | 0.3797812884585114 |
No Vote | CA 12th | D | Pelosi, Nancy | 0.19637169740281796 |
No Vote | OK 1st | R | Bridenstine, Jim | 0.8274798431599466 |
No Vote | GA 1st | R | Carter, Earl | 0.8353170094533526 |
No Vote | FL 25th | R | Diaz-Balart, Mario | 0.654386438718319 |
No Vote | VA 5th | R | Garrett, Thomas | 0.6670354997582613 |
No Vote | AZ 4th | R | Gosar, Paul | 0.9729069827512071 |
No Vote | MO 6th | R | Graves, Sam | 0.8037172085745666 |
No Vote | GA 11th | R | Loudermilk, Barry | 0.8029377753361101 |
No Vote | FL 8th | R | Posey, Bill | 0.8737366141040334 |
No Vote | FL 19th | R | Rooney, Francis | 0.6635284548698496 |
No Vote | FL 17th | R | Rooney, Thomas | 0.759558011276886 |
No Vote | FL 27th | R | Ros-Lehtinen, Ileana | 0.5621810422259258 |
No Vote | FL 15th | R | Ross, Dennis | 0.8438728254566822 |
No Vote | FL 4th | R | Rutherford, John | 0.6235395328613909 |
No Vote | LA 1st | R | Scalise, Steve | 0.7354530658998666 |
No Vote | OH 12th | R | Tiberi, Pat | 0.75718738858076 |
No Vote | FL 3rd | R | Yoho, Ted | 0.9088679899906766 |
Statistically Notable Votes
Statistically notable votes are the votes that are most surprising, or least predictable, given how other members of each voter’s party voted and other factors.
All Votes
Study Guide
How well do you understand this vote? Use this study guide to find out.
You can find answers to most of the questions below here on the vote page. For a guide to understanding the bill this vote was about, see here.
What was the procedure for this vote?
- What was this vote on?
- What is the next step after this vote?
Not all votes are meant to pass legislation. In the Senate some votes are not about legislation at all, since the Senate must vote to confirm presidential nominations to certain federal positions.
This vote is related to a bill. However, that doesn’t necessarily tell you what it is about. Congress makes many decisions in the process of passing legislation, such as on the procedures for debating the bill, whether to change the bill before voting on passage, and even whether to vote on passage at all.
You can learn more about the various motions used in Congress at EveryCRSReport.com. If you aren’t sure what the House was voting on, try seeing if it’s on this list.
Take a look at where this bill is in the legislative process. What might come next? Keep in mind what this specific vote was on, and the context of the bill. Will there be amendments? Will the other chamber of Congress vote on it, or let it die?
For this question it may help to briefly examine the bill itself.
What is your analysis of this vote?
- What trends do you see in this vote?
- How did your representative vote?
Members of Congress side together for many reasons beside being in the same political party, especially so for less prominent legislation or legislation specific to a certain region. What might have determined how the roll call came out in this case? Does it look like Members of Congress voted based on party, geography, or some other reason?
One tool that will be helpful in answering this question is the cartogram at the top of the page. A cartogram is a stylized map of the United States that shows each district as an identical hexagon. This view allows you to see the how the representatives from each district voted arranged by their geography and colored by their political party. What trends can you see in the cartogram for this vote?
There is one vote here that should be more important to you than all the others. These are the votes cast by your representative, which is meant to represent you and your community. Do you agree with how your representative voted? Why do you think they voted the way they did?
If you don’t already know who your Members of Congress are you can find them by entering your address here.
Each vote’s study guide is a little different — we automatically choose which questions to include based on the information we have available about the vote. Study guides are a new feature to GovTrack. You can help us improve them by filling out this survey or by sending your feedback to hello@govtrack.us.