H.R. 38: Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act of 2017
This was a vote to pass H.R. 38 (115th) in the House.
2017 has been the deadliest year for mass shootings in U.S. history. At least 112 people have been killed so far this year in mass shootings, such as the tragedies at a country music concert in Las Vegas and outside a church in Sutherland Springs, Texas.
Amid progressives’ calls for stricter gun control, Congress has gone in the opposite direction, as the first gun-related bill to pass in a chamber of Congress since those massacres was the Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act.
What the bill does
The Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act would allow any person with a concealed carry permit from one state to carry their weapon in any other state. It would also allow anybody with a concealed carry permit to do so on any federal land, such as national parks or national monuments.
(Technically the bill only allows the reciprocity for “other states that recognize their own resident’s right to concealed carry.” But all 50 states allow at least some form of it, even as some of the most left-leaning states have particularly restrictive variations on the practice.)
The legislation was introduced in the House in January as H.R. 38 by Rep. Richard Hudson (R-NC8), and in the Senate in February as S. 446 by Sen. John Cornyn (R-TX).
What supporters say
Supporters say the legislation ensures that a constitutionally-guaranteed right is held constant throughout the nation. They contend this is no different than how a driver’s license or a marriage is honored in all 50 states.
“Our Second Amendment right doesn’t disappear when we cross state lines, and this legislation guarantees that,” Hudson said in a press release. The bill “is a common sense solution to a problem too many Americans face. It will provide law-abiding citizens the right to conceal carry and travel freely between states without worrying about conflicting state codes or onerous civil suits.”
What opponents say
Of course, most Democrats voted against the bill because it generally expands gun rights. But 14 House Republicans voted against the bill too — not because they advocate gun control, but rather because they disagree with the legal mechanism the legislation uses to expand gun rights.
The bill “uses the Commerce Clause, a constitutional provision both parties abuse when trying to increase the size and scope of the federal government, to expand federal authority over concealed carry permits. The Second Amendment, not the Commerce Clause, secures our right to keep and bear arms,” the House Liberty Caucus wrote in a letter opposing the bill.
“H.R. 38 expands federal power over a right that ‘shall not be infringed,’” the letter continued, “and, by using the Commerce Clause, it sets a dangerous precedent that future Congresses may use to expand regulations on firearms.”
Votes and odds of passage
The legislation passed the House on December 6 by a 231–198 vote. Six Democrats voted in favor, while 14 Republicans voted against. It had first attracted 213 cosponsors: 210 Republicans and three Democrats.
It now goes to the Senate, although they do not plan to take up the bill until spring 2018. The version introduced in the Senate has attracted 39 of the 52 Senate Republicans as cosponsors, although one does not need to cosponsor legislation in order to ultimately vote for it.
A 2013 Senate vote on the measure received more ‘aye’ than ‘nay’ votes, by a 57–43 margin, but needed 60 votes to pass. 13 Senate Democrats voted in favor at the time, and seven of them are still in office.
However, _McClatchy _confirmed through interviews that most of those Senate Democrats who once voted in favor are now opposed, due to a combination of escalating mass shootings and a greater consensus within the Democratic Party over the past few years. That near-lack of bipartisan support would make it significantly more difficult for the measure to overcome a possible Senate filibuster.
Totals
All Votes | Republicans | Democrats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Aye | 54% |
231
|
225
|
6
|
No | 46% |
198
|
14
|
184
|
Not Voting |
4
|
1
|
3
|
Passed. Simple Majority Required. Source: house.gov.
Ideology Vote Chart
Cartogram Map
Vote Details
“Aye” and “Yea” mean the same thing, and so do “No” and “Nay”. Congress uses different words in different sorts of votes.
The U.S. Constitution says that bills should be decided on by the “yeas and nays” (Article I, Section 7). Congress takes this literally and uses “yea” and “nay” when voting on the final passage of bills.
All Senate votes use these words. But the House of Representatives uses “Aye” and “No” in other sorts of votes.
Vote | District | Party | Representative | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aye | GA 2nd | D | Bishop, Sanford | 0.44147569759023947 |
Aye | TX 28th | D | Cuellar, Henry | 0.6052667977899809 |
Aye | TX 15th | D | Gonzalez, Vicente | 0.19637169740281796 |
Aye | WI 3rd | D | Kind, Ron | 0.5331945747380052 |
Aye | MN 7th | D | Peterson, Collin | 0.6599061975649219 |
Aye | OR 5th | D | Schrader, Kurt | 0.5291933641555642 |
Aye | LA 5th | R | Abraham, Ralph | 0.855856974756022 |
Aye | AL 4th | R | Aderholt, Robert | 0.7678812519066485 |
Aye | GA 12th | R | Allen, Rick | 0.8570366556259514 |
Aye | NV 2nd | R | Amodei, Mark | 0.8040426518679427 |
Aye | TX 19th | R | Arrington, Jodey | 0.794128873303482 |
Aye | TX 36th | R | Babin, Brian | 0.9310168483403579 |
Aye | NE 2nd | R | Bacon, Don | 0.6690872253507363 |
Aye | IN 3rd | R | Banks, Jim | 0.7111929875869623 |
Aye | PA 11th | R | Barletta, Lou | 0.8414063104276013 |
Aye | KY 6th | R | Barr, Andy | 0.89184247298496 |
Aye | TX 6th | R | Barton, Joe | 0.7536378906597541 |
Aye | MI 1st | R | Bergman, Jack | 0.6161255277630655 |
Aye | AZ 5th | R | Biggs, Andy | 0.7155031220152636 |
Aye | FL 12th | R | Bilirakis, Gus | 0.7798607609958561 |
Aye | MI 8th | R | Bishop, Mike | 0.8327052096041819 |
Aye | UT 1st | R | Bishop, Rob | 0.8278331834542318 |
Aye | TN 6th | R | Black, Diane | 0.8831773979398415 |
Aye | TN 7th | R | Blackburn, Marsha | 0.9502611945211994 |
Aye | IA 1st | R | Blum, Rod | 0.7552211824721285 |
Aye | IL 12th | R | Bost, Mike | 0.7232483784767169 |
Aye | TX 8th | R | Brady, Kevin | 0.7668354051044779 |
Aye | VA 7th | R | Brat, Dave | 0.8332923098711228 |
Aye | AL 5th | R | Brooks, Mo | 0.8875612023661059 |
Aye | IN 5th | R | Brooks, Susan | 0.7656755409182311 |
Aye | FL 16th | R | Buchanan, Vern | 0.6907664507477119 |
Aye | IN 8th | R | Bucshon, Larry | 0.8219937349744911 |
Aye | NC 13th | R | Budd, Ted | 0.6957129522400266 |
Aye | TX 26th | R | Burgess, Michael | 0.8279147715196493 |
Aye | AL 1st | R | Byrne, Bradley | 0.8654302481150407 |
Aye | CA 42nd | R | Calvert, Ken | 0.7823468448072168 |
Aye | GA 1st | R | Carter, Earl | 0.8353170094533526 |
Aye | TX 31st | R | Carter, John R. | 0.7903107117699989 |
Aye | OH 1st | R | Chabot, Steve | 0.88321197815239 |
Aye | WY | R | Cheney, Liz | 0.6059835444045762 |
Aye | CO 6th | R | Coffman, Mike | 0.7712860738273608 |
Aye | OK 4th | R | Cole, Tom | 0.8261178303377552 |
Aye | NY 27th | R | Collins, Chris | 0.8040640629178037 |
Aye | GA 9th | R | Collins, Doug | 0.8121056699713206 |
Aye | KY 1st | R | Comer, James | 0.6182489483981783 |
Aye | VA 10th | R | Comstock, Barbara | 0.6904748160219147 |
Aye | TX 11th | R | Conaway, Michael | 0.8303683544834854 |
Aye | CA 8th | R | Cook, Paul | 0.7561577001429572 |
Aye | ND | R | Cramer, Kevin | 0.9846439281890063 |
Aye | AR 1st | R | Crawford, Eric | 0.8376727069074608 |
Aye | TX 7th | R | Culberson, John | 0.8511659372978434 |
Aye | UT 3rd | R | Curtis, John | 0.5867508695140166 |
Aye | OH 8th | R | Davidson, Warren | 0.6489896204765467 |
Aye | IL 13th | R | Davis, Rodney | 0.789654986745232 |
Aye | FL 6th | R | DeSantis, Ron | 0.8111801491510022 |
Aye | CA 10th | R | Denham, Jeff | 0.6838460290885308 |
Aye | PA 15th | R | Dent, Charles | 0.6300182965479403 |
Aye | TN 4th | R | DesJarlais, Scott | 0.9061640748718705 |
Aye | FL 25th | R | Diaz-Balart, Mario | 0.654386438718319 |
Aye | WI 7th | R | Duffy, Sean | 0.7630745704570787 |
Aye | SC 3rd | R | Duncan, Jeff | 1.0 |
Aye | TN 2nd | R | Duncan, Jimmy | 0.8415067177621408 |
Aye | FL 2nd | R | Dunn, Neal | 0.6728486311500376 |
Aye | MN 6th | R | Emmer, Tom | 0.7870483035120954 |
Aye | KS 4th | R | Estes, Ron | 0.794128873303482 |
Aye | TX 27th | R | Farenthold, Blake | 0.9186589641490005 |
Aye | NY 19th | R | Faso, John | 0.5875827205034586 |
Aye | GA 3rd | R | Ferguson, Drew | 0.6721372214602784 |
Aye | TN 3rd | R | Fleischmann, Chuck | 0.8135197039735258 |
Aye | TX 17th | R | Flores, Bill | 0.9208869201167657 |
Aye | NE 1st | R | Fortenberry, Jeff | 0.7451929030201173 |
Aye | NC 5th | R | Foxx, Virginia | 0.68180438397801 |
Aye | AZ 8th | R | Franks, Trent | 0.928631560465506 |
Aye | NJ 11th | R | Frelinghuysen, Rodney | 0.6255222425784025 |
Aye | FL 1st | R | Gaetz, Matt | 0.7043821140232365 |
Aye | WI 8th | R | Gallagher, Mike | 0.6544098013014009 |
Aye | VA 5th | R | Garrett, Thomas | 0.6670354997582613 |
Aye | MT | R | Gianforte, Greg | 0.794128873303482 |
Aye | OH 7th | R | Gibbs, Bob | 0.8851766602415377 |
Aye | VA 6th | R | Goodlatte, Bob | 0.8032612882443046 |
Aye | AZ 4th | R | Gosar, Paul | 0.9729069827512071 |
Aye | SC 4th | R | Gowdy, Trey | 0.7269453303935535 |
Aye | TX 12th | R | Granger, Kay | 0.6987064251251529 |
Aye | LA 6th | R | Graves, Garret | 0.6622461118594211 |
Aye | MO 6th | R | Graves, Sam | 0.8037172085745666 |
Aye | GA 14th | R | Graves, Tom | 0.8104323190856061 |
Aye | VA 9th | R | Griffith, Morgan | 0.7606270632194381 |
Aye | WI 6th | R | Grothman, Glenn | 0.8800555299396006 |
Aye | KY 2nd | R | Guthrie, Brett | 0.8308808024674944 |
Aye | GA 6th | R | Handel, Karen | 0.794128873303482 |
Aye | MS 3rd | R | Harper, Gregg | 0.8315332042897035 |
Aye | MD 1st | R | Harris, Andy | 0.8955534114538176 |
Aye | MO 4th | R | Hartzler, Vicky | 0.9083796641889869 |
Aye | TX 5th | R | Hensarling, Jeb | 0.8653806735772378 |
Aye | WA 3rd | R | Herrera Beutler, Jaime | 0.6715360568883035 |
Aye | GA 10th | R | Hice, Jody | 0.8634505759310129 |
Aye | LA 3rd | R | Higgins, Clay | 0.6365711518252246 |
Aye | AR 2nd | R | Hill, French | 0.7538141632670272 |
Aye | NC 2nd | R | Holding, George | 0.7808331650918177 |
Aye | IN 9th | R | Hollingsworth, Trey | 0.6026466228208788 |
Aye | NC 8th | R | Hudson, Richard | 0.8909559745075635 |
Aye | MI 2nd | R | Huizenga, Bill | 0.8594254389369452 |
Aye | IL 14th | R | Hultgren, Randy | 0.8110621215633556 |
Aye | CA 50th | R | Hunter, Duncan D. | 0.7725493519506934 |
Aye | TX 23rd | R | Hurd, Will | 0.6463309594362682 |
Aye | CA 49th | R | Issa, Darrell | 0.6657882546867206 |
Aye | WV 3rd | R | Jenkins, Evan | 0.6901295768687917 |
Aye | KS 2nd | R | Jenkins, Lynn | 0.8742401734960493 |
Aye | OH 6th | R | Johnson, Bill | 0.8849229746219821 |
Aye | LA 4th | R | Johnson, Mike | 0.6622509902070052 |
Aye | TX 3rd | R | Johnson, Sam | 0.847796219622453 |
Aye | NC 3rd | R | Jones, Walter B. | 0.8063442043403778 |
Aye | OH 4th | R | Jordan, Jim | 0.8018652683225396 |
Aye | OH 14th | R | Joyce, David | 0.7784411609624209 |
Aye | NY 24th | R | Katko, John | 0.6066814765619349 |
Aye | PA 3rd | R | Kelly, Mike | 0.8643551437912823 |
Aye | MS 1st | R | Kelly, Trent | 0.7339686404681087 |
Aye | IA 4th | R | King, Steve | 0.9020635494376729 |
Aye | IL 16th | R | Kinzinger, Adam | 0.723826558967979 |
Aye | CA 25th | R | Knight, Steve | 0.6803381269866247 |
Aye | TN 8th | R | Kustoff, David | 0.6327220241510694 |
Aye | IL 18th | R | LaHood, Darin | 0.6830750595894345 |
Aye | CA 1st | R | LaMalfa, Doug | 0.9573570676924076 |
Aye | ID 1st | R | Labrador, Raúl | 0.7448836799113854 |
Aye | CO 5th | R | Lamborn, Doug | 0.8820037872138591 |
Aye | OH 5th | R | Latta, Robert | 0.8987120014119938 |
Aye | MN 2nd | R | Lewis, Jason | 0.5848858304236215 |
Aye | NJ 2nd | R | LoBiondo, Frank | 0.602478657519855 |
Aye | MO 7th | R | Long, Billy | 0.885344057796079 |
Aye | GA 11th | R | Loudermilk, Barry | 0.8029377753361101 |
Aye | UT 4th | R | Love, Mia | 0.6937269539133007 |
Aye | OK 3rd | R | Lucas, Frank | 0.772635989650263 |
Aye | MO 3rd | R | Luetkemeyer, Blaine | 0.8785066169756957 |
Aye | NJ 3rd | R | MacArthur, Tom | 0.6161351852131595 |
Aye | TX 24th | R | Marchant, Kenny | 0.9110980205476424 |
Aye | PA 10th | R | Marino, Tom | 0.7511422663687899 |
Aye | KS 1st | R | Marshall, Roger | 0.6976547386045246 |
Aye | FL 18th | R | Mast, Brian | 0.5858176769230519 |
Aye | CA 23rd | R | McCarthy, Kevin | 0.5275257044073847 |
Aye | TX 10th | R | McCaul, Michael | 0.8153510984226577 |
Aye | CA 4th | R | McClintock, Tom | 0.8630629664173355 |
Aye | NC 10th | R | McHenry, Patrick | 0.7274219718135848 |
Aye | WV 1st | R | McKinley, David | 0.7950227494762926 |
Aye | WA 5th | R | McMorris Rodgers, Cathy | 0.7194597129363479 |
Aye | AZ 2nd | R | McSally, Martha | 0.6887816374831786 |
Aye | NC 11th | R | Meadows, Mark | 0.934212086776392 |
Aye | IN 6th | R | Messer, Luke | 0.902471152284251 |
Aye | MI 10th | R | Mitchell, Paul | 0.6774741305212113 |
Aye | MI 4th | R | Moolenaar, John | 0.7384843115758494 |
Aye | WV 2nd | R | Mooney, Alexander | 0.7986589439143982 |
Aye | OK 2nd | R | Mullin, Markwayne | 0.8305009447701376 |
Aye | WA 4th | R | Newhouse, Dan | 0.7896027828032773 |
Aye | SD | R | Noem, Kristi | 0.8213104947801954 |
Aye | SC 5th | R | Norman, Ralph | 0.7544549526065897 |
Aye | CA 22nd | R | Nunes, Devin | 0.7223522550672566 |
Aye | TX 22nd | R | Olson, Pete | 0.9841688139218938 |
Aye | MS 4th | R | Palazzo, Steven | 0.8945774386607867 |
Aye | AL 6th | R | Palmer, Gary | 0.7022427901090951 |
Aye | MN 3rd | R | Paulsen, Erik | 0.736856330491871 |
Aye | NM 2nd | R | Pearce, Steve | 0.9090489454604411 |
Aye | PA 4th | R | Perry, Scott | 0.8367699883427041 |
Aye | NC 9th | R | Pittenger, Robert | 0.9253250056226298 |
Aye | TX 2nd | R | Poe, Ted | 0.8284889949267222 |
Aye | ME 2nd | R | Poliquin, Bruce | 0.7175956121427263 |
Aye | FL 8th | R | Posey, Bill | 0.8737366141040334 |
Aye | TX 4th | R | Ratcliffe, John | 0.8005832051330071 |
Aye | NY 23rd | R | Reed, Tom | 0.6865418443349752 |
Aye | WA 8th | R | Reichert, David | 0.6280075445033516 |
Aye | OH 16th | R | Renacci, James | 0.8137828703669964 |
Aye | SC 7th | R | Rice, Tom | 0.7750046984665552 |
Aye | AL 2nd | R | Roby, Martha | 0.7548157163418622 |
Aye | TN 1st | R | Roe, Phil | 0.973054020611422 |
Aye | KY 5th | R | Rogers, Hal | 0.6638625829372049 |
Aye | AL 3rd | R | Rogers, Mike | 0.789500433607361 |
Aye | CA 48th | R | Rohrabacher, Dana | 0.7000621940284638 |
Aye | IN 4th | R | Rokita, Todd | 0.9650116711595357 |
Aye | FL 19th | R | Rooney, Francis | 0.6635284548698496 |
Aye | FL 17th | R | Rooney, Thomas | 0.759558011276886 |
Aye | FL 15th | R | Ross, Dennis | 0.8438728254566822 |
Aye | PA 12th | R | Rothfus, Keith | 0.8424620227789541 |
Aye | NC 7th | R | Rouzer, David | 0.8947125362441296 |
Aye | CA 39th | R | Royce, Ed | 0.6568996958384423 |
Aye | OK 5th | R | Russell, Steve | 0.7021289805594078 |
Aye | FL 4th | R | Rutherford, John | 0.6235395328613909 |
Aye | WI 1st | R | Ryan, Paul | 0.5810049865855055 |
Aye | SC 1st | R | Sanford, Mark | 0.6932005896243397 |
Aye | LA 1st | R | Scalise, Steve | 0.7354530658998666 |
Aye | AZ 6th | R | Schweikert, David | 0.8563575982759841 |
Aye | GA 8th | R | Scott, Austin | 0.8981058619546133 |
Aye | WI 5th | R | Sensenbrenner, James | 0.7960851238409654 |
Aye | TX 32nd | R | Sessions, Pete | 0.9929263401312708 |
Aye | IL 15th | R | Shimkus, John | 0.7436096129040258 |
Aye | PA 9th | R | Shuster, Bill | 0.7266124277545254 |
Aye | ID 2nd | R | Simpson, Mike | 0.7069574353601251 |
Aye | NE 3rd | R | Smith, Adrian | 0.7487555795072871 |
Aye | MO 8th | R | Smith, Jason | 0.8501070699377427 |
Aye | TX 21st | R | Smith, Lamar | 0.9010221325208727 |
Aye | PA 16th | R | Smucker, Lloyd | 0.6525310028287222 |
Aye | NY 21st | R | Stefanik, Elise | 0.6670575725886118 |
Aye | UT 2nd | R | Stewart, Chris | 0.8501904452775845 |
Aye | OH 15th | R | Stivers, Steve | 0.8520578206149897 |
Aye | VA 2nd | R | Taylor, Scott | 0.5612170984440698 |
Aye | NY 22nd | R | Tenney, Claudia | 0.638221498917297 |
Aye | PA 5th | R | Thompson, Glenn | 0.8145657223603296 |
Aye | TX 13th | R | Thornberry, Mac | 0.7138314764675527 |
Aye | OH 12th | R | Tiberi, Pat | 0.75718738858076 |
Aye | CO 3rd | R | Tipton, Scott | 0.8374178577388357 |
Aye | MI 11th | R | Trott, Dave | 0.7016990147433549 |
Aye | OH 10th | R | Turner, Michael | 0.731279912757188 |
Aye | MI 6th | R | Upton, Fred | 0.6464333103735311 |
Aye | CA 21st | R | Valadao, David | 0.7670535685718973 |
Aye | MO 2nd | R | Wagner, Ann | 0.8424974202749828 |
Aye | MI 7th | R | Walberg, Tim | 0.8920430358700049 |
Aye | OR 2nd | R | Walden, Greg | 0.6877668023345672 |
Aye | NC 6th | R | Walker, Mark | 0.7468384115232932 |
Aye | IN 2nd | R | Walorski, Jackie | 0.8230609325415258 |
Aye | CA 45th | R | Walters, Mimi | 0.6791744951163337 |
Aye | TX 14th | R | Weber, Randy | 0.9229927257359607 |
Aye | FL 11th | R | Webster, Daniel | 0.7811889239072701 |
Aye | OH 2nd | R | Wenstrup, Brad | 0.8257486542081274 |
Aye | AR 4th | R | Westerman, Bruce | 0.8278433731467982 |
Aye | TX 25th | R | Williams, Roger | 0.8518130203449917 |
Aye | SC 2nd | R | Wilson, Joe | 0.8935128795502556 |
Aye | VA 1st | R | Wittman, Robert | 0.8227229507156151 |
Aye | AR 3rd | R | Womack, Steve | 0.8007136367860198 |
Aye | GA 7th | R | Woodall, Rob | 0.6828330086079383 |
Aye | KS 3rd | R | Yoder, Kevin | 0.7834945738865167 |
Aye | FL 3rd | R | Yoho, Ted | 0.9088679899906766 |
Aye | IA 3rd | R | Young, David | 0.7596668887803879 |
Aye | AK | R | Young, Don | 0.722493008827191 |
Aye | NY 1st | R | Zeldin, Lee | 0.6923298951512034 |
No | NC 12th | D | Adams, Alma | 0.30260548173967394 |
No | CA 31st | D | Aguilar, Pete | 0.33996899497116995 |
No | CA 44th | D | Barragán, Nanette | 0.27356207668090177 |
No | CA 37th | D | Bass, Karen | 0.23553158645370478 |
No | OH 3rd | D | Beatty, Joyce | 0.33658695683787215 |
No | CA 7th | D | Bera, Ami | 0.4404496943549505 |
No | VA 8th | D | Beyer, Donald | 0.28434853265707627 |
No | OR 3rd | D | Blumenauer, Earl | 0.2364760599173448 |
No | DE | D | Blunt Rochester, Lisa | 0.19637169740281796 |
No | OR 1st | D | Bonamici, Suzanne | 0.2566418463953525 |
No | PA 13th | D | Boyle, Brendan | 0.3612857355043937 |
No | PA 1st | D | Brady, Robert | 0.37859756480060003 |
No | MD 4th | D | Brown, Anthony | 0.35424782508535557 |
No | IL 17th | D | Bustos, Cheri | 0.4189108520065516 |
No | NC 1st | D | Butterfield, G.K. | 0.33427345191955743 |
No | MA 7th | D | Capuano, Michael | 0.27402690046098194 |
No | CA 24th | D | Carbajal, Salud | 0.3402180651412155 |
No | IN 7th | D | Carson, André | 0.2373202791870961 |
No | PA 17th | D | Cartwright, Matt | 0.27190694060174575 |
No | FL 14th | D | Castor, Kathy | 0.28997340502960167 |
No | TX 20th | D | Castro, Joaquin | 0.3626762856511322 |
No | CA 27th | D | Chu, Judy | 0.16021438828671963 |
No | RI 1st | D | Cicilline, David | 0.2030607953388317 |
No | MA 5th | D | Clark, Katherine | 0.2282069782279255 |
No | NY 9th | D | Clarke, Yvette | 0.11760905678563943 |
No | MO 1st | D | Clay, Lacy | 0.29212842694506375 |
No | MO 5th | D | Cleaver, Emanuel | 0.3616952834225266 |
No | SC 6th | D | Clyburn, Jim | 0.34515694916649947 |
No | TN 9th | D | Cohen, Steve | 0.17300175949259142 |
No | VA 11th | D | Connolly, Gerald | 0.32690604487113906 |
No | TN 5th | D | Cooper, Jim | 0.47486744101579265 |
No | CA 46th | D | Correa, Luis | 0.416669157722963 |
No | CA 16th | D | Costa, Jim | 0.504077673365983 |
No | CT 2nd | D | Courtney, Joe | 0.38623648443681313 |
No | FL 13th | D | Crist, Charlie | 0.3802832259676551 |
No | NY 14th | D | Crowley, Joe | 0.298715952336208 |
No | MD 7th | D | Cummings, Elijah | 0.20718942679581703 |
No | CA 29th | D | Cárdenas, Tony | 0.30076808379837 |
No | IL 7th | D | Davis, Danny | 0.2664469015032003 |
No | CA 53rd | D | Davis, Susan | 0.28610939137386876 |
No | OR 4th | D | DeFazio, Peter | 0.3471999238026032 |
No | CO 1st | D | DeGette, Diana | 0.33265175814792186 |
No | CT 3rd | D | DeLauro, Rosa | 0.21069038626421618 |
No | CA 11th | D | DeSaulnier, Mark | 0.20388316196323006 |
No | WA 1st | D | DelBene, Suzan | 0.3621515947313965 |
No | MD 6th | D | Delaney, John K. | 0.42763436597357046 |
No | FL 10th | D | Demings, Val | 0.36628712685595427 |
No | FL 22nd | D | Deutch, Ted | 0.3082599780076811 |
No | MI 12th | D | Dingell, Debbie | 0.2836282040704873 |
No | TX 35th | D | Doggett, Lloyd | 0.32729609198813286 |
No | PA 14th | D | Doyle, Michael | 0.3799700098855915 |
No | MN 5th | D | Ellison, Keith | 0.1013203659039833 |
No | NY 16th | D | Engel, Eliot | 0.29501365088541903 |
No | CA 18th | D | Eshoo, Anna | 0.29582355229033136 |
No | NY 13th | D | Espaillat, Adriano | 0.28371225999614236 |
No | CT 5th | D | Esty, Elizabeth | 0.3534980601635681 |
No | PA 2nd | D | Evans, Dwight | 0.19637169740281796 |
No | IL 11th | D | Foster, Bill | 0.3502729809687002 |
No | FL 21st | D | Frankel, Lois | 0.3334720660136642 |
No | OH 11th | D | Fudge, Marcia | 0.273154625359436 |
No | HI 2nd | D | Gabbard, Tulsi | 0.3843435653341845 |
No | AZ 7th | D | Gallego, Ruben | 0.29578925773152354 |
No | CA 3rd | D | Garamendi, John | 0.2947546918722868 |
No | CA 34th | D | Gomez, Jimmy | 0.3632283905214064 |
No | NJ 5th | D | Gottheimer, Josh | 0.5148892332694028 |
No | TX 9th | D | Green, Al | 0.2582958605634312 |
No | TX 29th | D | Green, Gene | 0.45550167573167144 |
No | AZ 3rd | D | Grijalva, Raúl | 0.016758214284802078 |
No | IL 4th | D | Gutiérrez, Luis | 0.16867506495132104 |
No | HI 1st | D | Hanabusa, Colleen | 0.32608667679909753 |
No | FL 20th | D | Hastings, Alcee | 0.15595856153292675 |
No | WA 10th | D | Heck, Denny | 0.36938589160405166 |
No | NY 26th | D | Higgins, Brian | 0.3282030364840475 |
No | CT 4th | D | Himes, Jim | 0.35946014950689575 |
No | MD 5th | D | Hoyer, Steny | 0.3670297736313559 |
No | CA 2nd | D | Huffman, Jared | 0.21088204449137576 |
No | TX 18th | D | Jackson Lee, Sheila | 0.1482744065082744 |
No | WA 7th | D | Jayapal, Pramila | 0.23197180099489417 |
No | NY 8th | D | Jeffries, Hakeem | 0.24209192326327295 |
No | TX 30th | D | Johnson, Eddie | 0.28509652395034946 |
No | GA 4th | D | Johnson, Hank | 0.2247435072814008 |
No | OH 9th | D | Kaptur, Marcy | 0.27176102313564193 |
No | MA 9th | D | Keating, William R. | 0.30816777494860514 |
No | IL 2nd | D | Kelly, Robin | 0.2644429816207427 |
No | CA 17th | D | Khanna, Ro | 0.264389618443314 |
No | NV 4th | D | Kihuen, Ruben | 0.19637169740281796 |
No | MI 5th | D | Kildee, Daniel | 0.3280475655188996 |
No | WA 6th | D | Kilmer, Derek | 0.4120254695900889 |
No | IL 8th | D | Krishnamoorthi, Raja | 0.3866613162999062 |
No | NH 2nd | D | Kuster, Ann | 0.38594718652327187 |
No | RI 2nd | D | Langevin, Jim | 0.28354920965614167 |
No | WA 2nd | D | Larsen, Rick | 0.30455649298720444 |
No | CT 1st | D | Larson, John | 0.3808677586559991 |
No | MI 14th | D | Lawrence, Brenda | 0.28032683141842013 |
No | FL 5th | D | Lawson, Al | 0.3797812884585114 |
No | CA 13th | D | Lee, Barbara | 0.007259294165460806 |
No | MI 9th | D | Levin, Sander | 0.2783168276981514 |
No | GA 5th | D | Lewis, John R. | 0.19856615698483354 |
No | CA 33rd | D | Lieu, Ted | 0.2631852673721187 |
No | IL 3rd | D | Lipinski, Daniel | 0.49196503804438363 |
No | IA 2nd | D | Loebsack, David | 0.44511621769710485 |
No | CA 19th | D | Lofgren, Zoe | 0.21216179876938762 |
No | CA 47th | D | Lowenthal, Alan | 0.19946946238281116 |
No | NY 17th | D | Lowey, Nita | 0.3007516613678486 |
No | NM 1st | D | Lujan Grisham, Michelle | 0.30070330647478966 |
No | NM 3rd | D | Luján, Ben | 0.35542706751436787 |
No | MA 8th | D | Lynch, Stephen | 0.3128283996592946 |
No | NY 12th | D | Maloney, Carolyn | 0.2434767499150607 |
No | NY 18th | D | Maloney, Sean | 0.3288261923189334 |
No | CA 6th | D | Matsui, Doris | 0.2960795562679165 |
No | MN 4th | D | McCollum, Betty | 0.2038915478002947 |
No | VA 4th | D | McEachin, Donald | 0.3514218314552699 |
No | MA 2nd | D | McGovern, Jim | 0.11140940200113666 |
No | CA 9th | D | McNerney, Jerry | 0.26026090644660155 |
No | NY 5th | D | Meeks, Gregory | 0.21983705681312293 |
No | NY 6th | D | Meng, Grace | 0.2662707514395904 |
No | WI 4th | D | Moore, Gwen | 0.12234842640531586 |
No | MA 6th | D | Moulton, Seth | 0.36043003890963216 |
No | FL 7th | D | Murphy, Stephanie | 0.4595921010577839 |
No | NY 10th | D | Nadler, Jerrold | 0.16526135102948317 |
No | CA 32nd | D | Napolitano, Grace | 0.20641280701539447 |
No | MA 1st | D | Neal, Richard | 0.4475427582190619 |
No | MN 8th | D | Nolan, Richard | 0.3766349666208063 |
No | NJ 1st | D | Norcross, Donald | 0.35530755220786764 |
No | AZ 1st | D | O’Halleran, Tom | 0.4786339898952032 |
No | TX 16th | D | O’Rourke, Beto | 0.341765289146586 |
No | NJ 6th | D | Pallone, Frank | 0.26103038695454306 |
No | CA 20th | D | Panetta, Jimmy | 0.38170086145561827 |
No | NJ 9th | D | Pascrell, Bill | 0.3494720317770623 |
No | NJ 10th | D | Payne, Donald | 0.22129557643924178 |
No | CA 12th | D | Pelosi, Nancy | 0.19637169740281796 |
No | CO 7th | D | Perlmutter, Ed | 0.3742700874871335 |
No | CA 52nd | D | Peters, Scott | 0.3635133836607488 |
No | ME 1st | D | Pingree, Chellie | 0.2719640290096105 |
No | CO 2nd | D | Polis, Jared | 0.3251705940170405 |
No | NC 4th | D | Price, David | 0.32451546430199435 |
No | IL 5th | D | Quigley, Mike | 0.27519544853867944 |
No | MD 8th | D | Raskin, Jamie | 0.23596545169262167 |
No | NY 4th | D | Rice, Kathleen | 0.3719350146186852 |
No | LA 2nd | D | Richmond, Cedric | 0.32860212874283007 |
No | NV 3rd | D | Rosen, Jacky | 0.410545891822154 |
No | CA 40th | D | Roybal-Allard, Lucille | 0.2234162204876098 |
No | CA 36th | D | Ruiz, Raul | 0.39758045472363585 |
No | MD 2nd | D | Ruppersberger, A. Dutch | 0.44966866199939487 |
No | IL 1st | D | Rush, Bobby | 0.25182968755100965 |
No | OH 13th | D | Ryan, Tim | 0.3424160504943651 |
No | MD 3rd | D | Sarbanes, John | 0.3174068445289289 |
No | IL 9th | D | Schakowsky, Jan | 0.10583336938288548 |
No | CA 28th | D | Schiff, Adam | 0.27458110560009935 |
No | IL 10th | D | Schneider, Brad | 0.44160751222251127 |
No | GA 13th | D | Scott, David | 0.4550187480913228 |
No | VA 3rd | D | Scott, Bobby | 0.22582284193721017 |
No | NY 15th | D | Serrano, José | 0.15919940292167528 |
No | AL 7th | D | Sewell, Terri | 0.39785972263192726 |
No | NH 1st | D | Shea-Porter, Carol | 0.2755213805111165 |
No | CA 30th | D | Sherman, Brad | 0.40498260735882347 |
No | AZ 9th | D | Sinema, Kyrsten | 0.5673281682975805 |
No | NJ 8th | D | Sires, Albio | 0.32010968091398734 |
No | NY 25th | D | Slaughter, Louise | 0.18685955162496096 |
No | WA 9th | D | Smith, Adam | 0.23881370208076047 |
No | FL 9th | D | Soto, Darren | 0.2712307385412115 |
No | CA 14th | D | Speier, Jackie | 0.2505372133415043 |
No | NY 3rd | D | Suozzi, Thomas | 0.4278930039171531 |
No | CA 15th | D | Swalwell, Eric | 0.2886957395467429 |
No | CA 38th | D | Sánchez, Linda | 0.3224930466244652 |
No | CA 41st | D | Takano, Mark | 0.15035528858656344 |
No | MS 2nd | D | Thompson, Bennie | 0.3613790319355683 |
No | CA 5th | D | Thompson, Mike | 0.401876386610969 |
No | NV 1st | D | Titus, Dina | 0.3009318653264177 |
No | NY 20th | D | Tonko, Paul | 0.23436392855951327 |
No | CA 35th | D | Torres, Norma | 0.33665739981803905 |
No | MA 3rd | D | Tsongas, Niki | 0.27794313837727663 |
No | CA 51st | D | Vargas, Juan | 0.2926978172339313 |
No | TX 33rd | D | Veasey, Marc | 0.3238091732030835 |
No | TX 34th | D | Vela, Filemon | 0.40510860623651146 |
No | NY 7th | D | Velázquez, Nydia | 0.21660709809369388 |
No | IN 1st | D | Visclosky, Peter | 0.19637169740281796 |
No | MN 1st | D | Walz, Timothy | 0.452903694128826 |
No | FL 23rd | D | Wasserman Schultz, Debbie | 0.25595084705728083 |
No | CA 43rd | D | Waters, Maxine | 0.2264061028400706 |
No | NJ 12th | D | Watson Coleman, Bonnie | 0.17114372494459776 |
No | VT | D | Welch, Peter | 0.3337303974209492 |
No | FL 24th | D | Wilson, Frederica | 0.168205477770944 |
No | KY 3rd | D | Yarmuth, John | 0.2941884011995938 |
No | MI 3rd | R | Amash, Justin | 0.5847703786878518 |
No | CO 4th | R | Buck, Ken | 0.7287754913444309 |
No | PA 6th | R | Costello, Ryan | 0.6308964112835674 |
No | FL 26th | R | Curbelo, Carlos | 0.6668943339903571 |
No | NY 11th | R | Donovan, Daniel | 0.5954322558130607 |
No | PA 8th | R | Fitzpatrick, Brian | 0.59324550256856 |
No | TX 1st | R | Gohmert, Louie | 0.9280790719104844 |
No | NY 2nd | R | King, Pete | 0.621868715149116 |
No | NJ 7th | R | Lance, Leonard | 0.6946748896656205 |
No | KY 4th | R | Massie, Thomas | 0.7233261908471537 |
No | PA 7th | R | Meehan, Patrick | 0.6755935220388728 |
No | FL 27th | R | Ros-Lehtinen, Ileana | 0.5621810422259258 |
No | IL 6th | R | Roskam, Peter | 0.7436428031635205 |
No | NJ 4th | R | Smith, Chris | 0.6687743349141072 |
No Vote | CA 26th | D | Brownley, Julia | 0.31305797272737357 |
No Vote | MA 4th | D | Kennedy, Joseph P. | 0.3257149266156062 |
No Vote | WI 2nd | D | Pocan, Mark | 0.17927273737999544 |
No Vote | OK 1st | R | Bridenstine, Jim | 0.8274798431599466 |
Statistically Notable Votes
Statistically notable votes are the votes that are most surprising, or least predictable, given how other members of each voter’s party voted and other factors.
All Votes
Study Guide
How well do you understand this vote? Use this study guide to find out.
You can find answers to most of the questions below here on the vote page. For a guide to understanding the bill this vote was about, see here.
What was the procedure for this vote?
- What was this vote on?
- What is the next step after this vote?
Not all votes are meant to pass legislation. In the Senate some votes are not about legislation at all, since the Senate must vote to confirm presidential nominations to certain federal positions.
This vote is related to a bill. However, that doesn’t necessarily tell you what it is about. Congress makes many decisions in the process of passing legislation, such as on the procedures for debating the bill, whether to change the bill before voting on passage, and even whether to vote on passage at all.
You can learn more about the various motions used in Congress at EveryCRSReport.com. If you aren’t sure what the House was voting on, try seeing if it’s on this list.
Take a look at where this bill is in the legislative process. What might come next? Keep in mind what this specific vote was on, and the context of the bill. Will there be amendments? Will the other chamber of Congress vote on it, or let it die?
For this question it may help to briefly examine the bill itself.
What is your analysis of this vote?
- What trends do you see in this vote?
- How did your representative vote?
Members of Congress side together for many reasons beside being in the same political party, especially so for less prominent legislation or legislation specific to a certain region. What might have determined how the roll call came out in this case? Does it look like Members of Congress voted based on party, geography, or some other reason?
One tool that will be helpful in answering this question is the cartogram at the top of the page. A cartogram is a stylized map of the United States that shows each district as an identical hexagon. This view allows you to see the how the representatives from each district voted arranged by their geography and colored by their political party. What trends can you see in the cartogram for this vote?
There is one vote here that should be more important to you than all the others. These are the votes cast by your representative, which is meant to represent you and your community. Do you agree with how your representative voted? Why do you think they voted the way they did?
If you don’t already know who your Members of Congress are you can find them by entering your address here.
Each vote’s study guide is a little different — we automatically choose which questions to include based on the information we have available about the vote. Study guides are a new feature to GovTrack. You can help us improve them by filling out this survey or by sending your feedback to hello@govtrack.us.